Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Lung Cancer: nutrition or Pharmacology?
- 21 April 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Nutrition and Cancer
- Vol. 73 (4), 541-561
- https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2020.1761408
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3 PUFA) supplements for chemoprevention of different types of cancer including lung cancer has been investigated in recent years. omega-3 PUFAs are considered immunonutrients, commonly used in the nutritional therapy of cancer patients. omega-3 PUFAs play essential roles in cell signaling and in cell structure and fluidity of membranes. They participate in the resolution of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory effects. Lung cancer patients suffer complications, such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome, pain and depression. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) 2017 guidelines for cancer patients only discuss the use of omega-3 PUFAs for cancer-cachexia treatment, leaving aside other cancer-related complications that could potentially be managed by omega-3 PUFAs. This review aims to elucidate whether the effects of omega-3 PUFAs in lung cancer is supplementary, pharmacological or both. In addition, clinical studies, evidence in cell lines and animal models suggest how omega-3 PUFAs induce anticancer effects. omega-3 PUFAs and their metabolites are suggested to modulate pivotal pathways underlying the progression or complications of lung cancer, indicating that this is a promising field to be explored. Further investigation is still required to analyze the benefits of omega-3 PUFAs as supplementation or pharmacological treatment in lung cancer.Funding Information
- Mexico Federal Funds (HIM/2017/014)
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