The Phosphoglycerate Kinase (PGK) Gene Family of Maize (Zea mays var. B73)
Open Access
- 24 November 2020
- Vol. 9 (12), 1639
- https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121639
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK, E.C. 2.7.2.3) interconverts ADP + 1,3-bisphospho-glycerate (1,3-bPGA) to ATP + 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA). While most bacteria have a single pgk gene and mammals possess two copies, plant genomes contain three or more PGK genes. In this study, we identified five Pgk genes in the Zea mays var. B73 genome, predicted to encode proteins targeted to different subcellular compartments: ZmPgk1, ZmPgk2, and ZmPgk4 (chloroplast), ZmPgk3 (cytosol), and ZmPgk5 (nucleus). The expression of ZmPgk3 was highest in non-photosynthetic tissues (roots and cobs), where PGK activity was also greatest, consistent with a function in glycolysis. Green tissues (leaf blade and husk leaf) showed intermediate levels of PGK activity, and predominantly expressed ZmPgk1 and ZmPgk2, suggesting involvement in photosynthetic metabolism. ZmPgk5 was weakly expressed and ZmPgk4 was not detected in any tissue. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the photosynthetic and glycolytic isozymes of plants clustered together, but were distinct from PGKs of animals, fungi, protozoa, and bacteria, indicating that photosynthetic and glycolytic isozymes of plants diversified after the divergence of the plant lineage from other groups. These results show the distinct role of each PGK in maize and provide the basis for future studies into the regulation and function of this key enzyme.Keywords
This publication has 72 references indexed in Scilit:
- A Spring-loaded Release Mechanism Regulates Domain Movement and Catalysis in Phosphoglycerate KinasePublished by Elsevier BV ,2011
- New Algorithms and Methods to Estimate Maximum-Likelihood Phylogenies: Assessing the Performance of PhyML 3.0Systematic Biology, 2010
- I-TASSER: a unified platform for automated protein structure and function predictionNature Protocols, 2010
- Phosphoglycerate Kinase 2 (PGK2) Is Essential for Sperm Function and Male Fertility in Mice1Biology of Reproduction, 2010
- Amplification efficiency: linking baseline and bias in the analysis of quantitative PCR dataNucleic Acids Research, 2009
- WoLF PSORT: protein localization predictorNucleic Acids Research, 2007
- UCSF Chimera?A visualization system for exploratory research and analysisJournal of Computational Chemistry, 2004
- MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughputNucleic Acids Research, 2004
- Genes encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the Triticum / Aegilops complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheatProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2002
- A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye bindingAnalytical Biochemistry, 1976