Season of Birth Impacts the Neonatal Nasopharyngeal Microbiota
Open Access
- 10 May 2020
- Vol. 7 (5), 45
- https://doi.org/10.3390/children7050045
Abstract
Objective: Pathogenic airway bacteria colonizing the neonatal airway increase the risk of childhood asthma, but little is known about the determinants of the establishment and dynamics of the airway microbiota in early life. We studied associations between perinatal risk factors and bacterial richness of the commensal milieu in the neonatal respiratory tract. Methods: Three hundred and twenty-eight children from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in the Childhood2000 (COPSAC2000) at-risk birth cohort were included in this study. The bacterial richness in each of the nasopharynxes of the 1-month old, asymptomatic neonates was analyzed by use of a culture-independent technique (T-RFLP). Information on perinatal risk factors included predisposition to asthma, allergy and eczema; social status of family; maternal exposures during pregnancy; mode of delivery; and postnatal exposures. The risk factor analysis was done by conventional statistics and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA). Results: The nasopharyngeal bacterial community at 1-month displayed an average of 35 (IQR: 14–55, range 1–161) phylogenetically different bacteria groups. Season of birth was associated with nasopharyngeal bacterial richness at 1-month of age with a higher bacterial richness (p = 0.003) and more abundant specific bacterial profiles representing Gram-negative alpha-proteobacteria and Gram-positive Bacilli in the nasopharynx of summer-born children. Conclusion: Early postnatal bacterial colonization of the upper airways is significantly affected by birth season, emphasizing a future focus on the seasonality aspect in modelling the impact of early dynamic changes in airway bacterial communities in relation to later disease development.Funding Information
- Lundbeckfonden (R16-A1694)
- the Ministry of Health (903516)
This publication has 52 references indexed in Scilit:
- Infant gut microbiota and the hygiene hypothesis of allergic disease: impact of household pets and siblings on microbiota composition and diversityAllergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, 2013
- Upper Airways Microbiota in Antibiotic-Naïve Wheezing and Healthy Infants from the Tropics of Rural EcuadorPLOS ONE, 2012
- Upper Respiratory Tract Microbial Communities, Acute Otitis Media Pathogens, and Antibiotic Use in Healthy and Sick ChildrenApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2012
- Sources of Bacteria in Outdoor Air across Cities in the Midwestern United StatesApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2011
- Variability and Diversity of Nasopharyngeal Microbiota in Children: A Metagenomic AnalysisPLOS ONE, 2011
- Delivery mode shapes the acquisition and structure of the initial microbiota across multiple body habitats in newbornsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010
- Season of birth and food allergy in childrenAnnals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 2010
- Disordered Microbial Communities in Asthmatic AirwaysPLOS ONE, 2010
- T-REX: software for the processing and analysis of T-RFLP dataBMC Bioinformatics, 2009
- Evidence of a Causal Role of Winter Virus Infection during Infancy in Early Childhood AsthmaAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2008