Gut Microbiota and Immunity: Possible Role in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Open Access
- 3 June 2015
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Immunology
Abstract
The gut microbiome influences the development of the immune system of young mammals; the establishment of a normal gut microbiome is thought to be important for the health of the infant during its early development. As the role of bacteria in the causation of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is backed by strong evidence, the balance between host immunity and potential bacterial pathogens is likely to be pivotal. Bacterial colonisation of the infant colon is influenced by age, mode of delivery, diet, environment, and antibiotic exposure. The gut microbiome influences several systems including gut integrity and development of the immune system; therefore, gut microflora could be important in protection against bacteria and/or their toxins identified in SIDS infants. The aims of the review are to explore 1) the role of the gut microbiome in relation to the developmentally critical period in which most SIDS cases occur; 2) the concept of an abnormal gut microbiome causing inflammation resulting in transit of bacteria from the lumen into the bloodstream; and 3) clinical, physiological, pathological and microbiological evidence for bacteraemia leading to the final events in SIDS pathogenesis.This publication has 92 references indexed in Scilit:
- A perspective on SIDS pathogenesis. The hypotheses: plausibility and evidenceBMC Medicine, 2011
- Host Defense Pathways: Role of Redundancy and Compensation in Infectious Disease PhenotypesImmunity, 2011
- Toll-like Receptors and Their Crosstalk with Other Innate Receptors in Infection and ImmunityImmunity, 2011
- Host‐bacteria interactions in the intestine: homeostasis to chronic inflammationWires Systems Biology and Medicine, 2010
- The Brainstem and Serotonin in the Sudden Infant Death SyndromeAnnual review of pathology, 2009
- Harmful molecular mechanisms in sepsisNature Reviews Immunology, 2008
- XBP1 Links ER Stress to Intestinal Inflammation and Confers Genetic Risk for Human Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseCell, 2008
- Commensal-dependent expression of IL-25 regulates the IL-23–IL-17 axis in the intestineThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2008
- A hybrid two-component system protein of a prominent human gut symbiont couples glycan sensing in vivo to carbohydrate metabolismProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006
- Postnatal acquisition of endotoxin tolerance in intestinal epithelial cellsThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2006