Beyond the Bowel: Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- 1 July 2017
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) in RadioGraphics
- Vol. 37 (4), 1135-1160
- https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2017160121
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing immune-mediated inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD includes two major disease entities: Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and surveillance of these complex disorders. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance enterographic techniques have been refined in recent years to provide a superb means of evaluating the gastrointestinal tract for suspected IBD. Although the intestinal imaging manifestations of IBD have been extensively discussed in the radiology literature, extraintestinal imaging manifestations of IBD have received less attention. Multiple extraintestinal manifestations may be seen in IBD, including those of gastrointestinal (hepatobiliary and pancreatic), genitourinary, musculoskeletal, pulmonary, cardiac, ocular, and dermatologic disorders. Although many associations between IBD and extraintestinal organ systems have been well established, other associations have not been fully elucidated. Some extraintestinal disorders may share a common pathogenesis with IBD. Other extraintestinal disorders may occur as a result of unintended treatment-related complications of IBD. Although extraintestinal disorders within the abdomen and pelvis may be well depicted with cross-sectional enterography, other musculoskeletal and thoracic disorders may be less evident with such examinations and may warrant further investigation with additional imaging examinations or may be readily apparent from the findings at physical examination. Radiologists involved in the interpretation of IBD imaging examinations must be aware of potential extraintestinal manifestations, to provide referring clinicians with an accurate and comprehensive profile of patients with these complex disorders. © RSNA, 2017Keywords
This publication has 90 references indexed in Scilit:
- Disease Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated with Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Cardiovascular Death – A Danish Nationwide Cohort StudyPLOS ONE, 2013
- Increased Risk of Pneumonia Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseThe American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2013
- The revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: a CT imaging guide for radiologistsEmergency Radiology, 2011
- Inflammatory bowel disease associated arthropathyCurrent Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 2011
- The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selectionAnnals Of The Rheumatic Diseases, 2009
- The immunobiology of primary sclerosing cholangitisAutoimmunity Reviews, 2005
- Hepatobiliary Alterations in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter StudyScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1998
- Hyperoxaluria and renal calculiHeart, 1994
- CT in the diagnosis of enterovesical fistulaeAmerican Journal of Roentgenology, 1985
- Evaluation of Diagnostic Criteria for Ankylosing SpondylitisArthritis & Rheumatism, 1984