Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin in rats with hyperlipidaemia
- 14 March 2023
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in Food & Function
- Vol. 14 (7), 3051-3066
- https://doi.org/10.1039/d2fo03238d
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is a common dietary supplement used by people with dyslipidaemia worldwide to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Many studies have found that GBE itself has a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the role of GBE as an adjunct to conventional therapy with chemical drugs remains controversial. Therefore, this study explored the additional benefits of GBE in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia with statins in terms of both pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. A hyperlipidaemia model was established by feeding rats a high-fat diet for a long time. The animals were treated with atorvastatin only, GBE only, or a combination of atorvastatin and GBE. The results showed that statins combined with GBE could significantly improve the blood lipid parameters, reduce the liver fat content, and reduce the size of adipocytes in abdominal fat. The effect was superior to statin therapy alone. In addition, the combination has shown additional liver protection against possible pathological liver injury or statin-induced liver injury. A lipidomic study showed that GBE could regulate the abnormal lipid metabolism of the liver in hyperlipemia. When statins are combined with GBE, this callback effect introduced by GBE on endogenous metabolism has important implications for resistance to disease progression and statin resistance. Finally, in the presence of GBE, there was a significant increase in plasma statin exposure. These results all confirmed that GBE has incremental benefits as a dietary supplement of statin therapy for dyslipidaemia.Keywords
Funding Information
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine (2021-I2M-5-011)
- Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201801060)
This publication has 85 references indexed in Scilit:
- Inflammatory Stress Induces Statin Resistance by Disrupting 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Feedback RegulationArteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2014
- Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C: Correlation with patients’ characteristics and clinical parametersJournal of Digestive Diseases, 2012
- Inhibitory effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on fatty liver: Regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a and fatty acid metabolismJournal of Digestive Diseases, 2012
- EGb761, an extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, reduces insulin resistance in a high-fat-fed mouse modelActa Pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 2011
- Protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on liver damage by a single dose of CCl 4 in male ratsHuman & Experimental Toxicology, 2010
- Application of GC/MS-based metabonomic profiling in studying the lipid-regulating effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in ratsActa Pharmacologica Sinica, 2009
- Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract Ingestion on the Pharmacokinetics of Talinolol in Healthy Chinese VolunteersAnnals of Pharmacotherapy, 2009
- Intracellular Lipid Accumulation in Liver and Muscle and the Insulin Resistance SyndromeEndocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 2008
- In vitro Inhibition of CYP3A4 Metabolism and P‐Glycoprotein‐Mediated Transport by Trade Herbal ProductsBasic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2008
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics of AtorvastatinClinical Pharmacokinetics, 2003