Dynamics of the immediate behavioral response to partial social exclusion
Open Access
- 20 January 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Scientific Reports
- Vol. 11 (1), 1-12
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80039-0
Abstract
Social rejection and exclusion (ostracism) represent main stressors in daily life and even threaten mental and physical health. Abundant data from subjective measures in social exclusion paradigms are available, but the dynamic behavioral response is largely unexplored. Here, we applied modified variants of the Cyberball paradigm in two consecutive experiments to investigate the adaptive behavioral and emotional reactions to partial social exclusion. In experiment 1, 68 healthy participants (females, mean age 24.76 ± 4.05 years) played 2 min inclusion, 5 min partial exclusion and 2 min total exclusion. In experiment 2, 94 healthy participants (48 females, mean age 34.50 ± 12.08 years) underwent an experimental condition (2 min inclusion, 10 min partial exclusion) and a control condition (12 min inclusion only) in randomized order. In experiment 1, behavioral responses to partial exclusion showed two characteristics: (1) an immediate increase in ball passes to the excluding player followed (2) by a later return of participants’ behavior to baseline. This finding was replicated for both genders and in comparison to a control condition in experiment 2. The dynamic behavioral response observed here may point to overlapping principles of cooperation in this ball tossing paradigm and serves as a novel experimental proxy.Funding Information
- FöFoLe (grant #996)
- FöFoLePLUS (#003 MCSP)
- Projekt DEAL
This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit:
- Does intranasal oxytocin promote prosocial behavior to an excluded fellow player? A randomized-controlled trial with CyberballPsychoneuroendocrinology, 2013
- Rejection Elicits Emotional Reactions but Neither Causes Immediate Distress nor Lowers Self-Esteem: A Meta-Analytic Review of 192 Studies on Social ExclusionPersonality and Social Psychology Review, 2009
- On Being Rejected: A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Research on RejectionPerspectives on Psychological Science, 2009
- Reactions to discrimination, stigmatization, ostracism, and other forms of interpersonal rejection: A multimotive model.Psychological Review, 2009
- Effect sizes for growth-modeling analysis for controlled clinical trials in the same metric as for classical analysis.Psychological Methods, 2009
- If you can't join them, beat them: Effects of social exclusion on aggressive behavior.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2001
- Cyberostracism: Effects of being ignored over the Internet.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2000
- The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.Psychological Bulletin, 1995
- The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.Psychological Bulletin, 1995
- Emotion elicitation using filmsCognition and Emotion, 1995