The pre-activated immune response induced by LPS protects host from leptospirosis
Open Access
- 24 November 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Public Library of Science (PLoS) in PLOS ONE
- Vol. 15 (11), e0242742
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242742
Abstract
Leptospirosis is an important global zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira. It is estimated that more than 1 million people are infected by Leptospira each year, and the death toll is about 60,000. Some studies showed that delayed immune response was associated with severe leptospirosis, and TLR4 was very important in the control of leptospirosis. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of the classical activator (LPS) of TLR4 on leptospirosis in susceptible and resistant hosts. The results showed that LPS pretreatment increased the survival rate of hamsters to 80%. And LPS pre-treatment also significantly reduced the leptospiral load and alleviated the pathological injury in organs of hamsters and mice. The result detected by ELISA in mice showed that the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were increased in the LPS-treated group compared to the control group before infection. However, two days after infection, the level of cytokines in LPS group was down-regulated compared with that in control group. In addition, in vitro results showed that LPS pre-treatment enhanced the phagocytosis and bactericidal ability of macrophages on Leptospira. Collectively, our results indicated that the pre-activated immune response induced by LPS enhanced the ability of host against leptospirosis.Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31802261)
- Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Research and Development (2016YFD0501005)
This publication has 35 references indexed in Scilit:
- Leptospirosis: A Silent Epidemic DiseaseInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2013
- The Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction in Leptospirosis: A Systematic ReviewPLOS ONE, 2013
- Gene Expression Profiles of Immune Mediators and Histopathological Findings in Animal Models of Leptospirosis: Comparison between Susceptible Hamsters and Resistant MiceInfection and Immunity, 2011
- Trained Immunity: A Memory for Innate Host DefenseCell Host & Microbe, 2011
- Pathogen Recognition and Innate ImmunityCell, 2006
- Toll-Like Receptor 4 Protects against LethalLeptospira interrogansSerovar Icterohaemorrhagiae Infection and Contributes to In Vivo Control of Leptospiral BurdenInfection and Immunity, 2006
- Leptospiral membrane proteins stimulate pro-inflammatory chemokines secretion by renal tubule epithelial cells through toll-like receptor 2 and p38 mitogen activated protein kinaseNephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2005
- LeptospirosisCurrent Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 2005
- Pathogen recognition with Toll-like receptorsCurrent Opinion in Immunology, 2005
- Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responsesNature Immunology, 2004