Bone-Specific Drug Delivery for Osteoporosis and Rare Skeletal Disorders
- 1 October 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Current Osteoporosis Reports
- Vol. 18 (5), 515-525
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-020-00620-4
Abstract
Purpose of Review The skeletal system provides an important role to support body structure and protect organs. The complexity of its architecture and components makes it challenging to deliver the right amount of the drug into bone regions, particularly avascular cartilage lesions. In this review, we describe the recent advance of bone-targeting methods using bisphosphonates, polymeric oligopeptides, and nanoparticles on osteoporosis and rare skeletal diseases. Recent Findings Hydroxyapatite (HA), a calcium phosphate with the formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, is a primary matrix of bone mineral that includes a high concentration of positively charged calcium ion and is found only in the bone. This unique feature makes HA a general targeting moiety to the entire skeletal system. We have applied bone-targeting strategy using acidic amino acid oligopeptides into lysosomal enzymes, demonstrating the effects of bone-targeting enzyme replacement therapy and gene therapy on bone and cartilage lesions in inherited skeletal disorders. Virus or no-virus gene therapy using techniques of engineered capsid or nanomedicine has been studied preclinically for skeletal diseases. Summary Efficient drug delivery into bone lesions remains an unmet challenge in clinical practice. Bone-targeting therapies based on gene transfer can be potential as new candidates for skeletal diseases.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P30GM114736)
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