ppGpp functions as an alarmone in metazoa
Open Access
- 13 November 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Communications Biology
- Vol. 3 (1), 1-11
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01368-4
Abstract
Guanosine 3′,5′-bis(pyrophosphate) (ppGpp) functions as a second messenger in bacteria to adjust their physiology in response to environmental changes. In recent years, the ppGpp-specific hydrolase, metazoan SpoT homolog-1 (Mesh1), was shown to have important roles for growth under nutrient deficiency in Drosophila melanogaster. Curiously, however, ppGpp has never been detected in animal cells, and therefore the physiological relevance of this molecule, if any, in metazoans has not been established. Here, we report the detection of ppGpp in Drosophila and human cells and demonstrate that ppGpp accumulation induces metabolic changes, cell death, and eventually lethality in Drosophila. Our results provide the evidence of the existence and function of the ppGpp-dependent stringent response in animals.Funding Information
- MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (18J12607)
- MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (19K22418)
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