Reduced Sea-Surface Roughness Length at a Coastal Site
Open Access
- 31 July 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in Atmosphere
- Vol. 12 (8), 991
- https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080991
Abstract
Sea-surface roughness length is a key parameter for characterizing marine atmospheric boundary layer. Although aerodynamic roughness lengths for homogeneous land and open water surfaces have been examined extensively, the extension of relevant knowledge to the highly inhomogeneous coastal area is problematic due to the complex mechanisms controlling coastal meteorology. This study presented a lidar-based observational analysis of sea-surface roughness length at a coastal site in Hong Kong, in which the wind data recorded from March 2012 to November 2015 were considered and analyzed. The results indicated the turning of wind near the land-sea boundary, leading to a dominative wind direction parallel to the coastline and an acceleration in wind. Moreover, the roughness lengths corresponding to two representative azimuthal sectors were compared, in which the roughness lengths for the onshore wind sector (i.e., 120°–240°) appear to be larger than the constant value (z0 = 0.2 mm) recommended in much existing literature, whereas the values for the alongshore wind sector (i.e., 60°–90°) are significantly smaller, i.e., about two orders of magnitude less than that of a typical sea surface. However, it is to be noted that the effect of atmospheric stability, which is of crucial importance in governing the marine atmospheric boundary layer, is not taken into account in this study.Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51925802 , 51878194)
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2019A1515011250)
This publication has 71 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Wind Profile in the Coastal Boundary Layer: Wind Lidar Measurements and Numerical ModellingBoundary-Layer Meteorology, 2013
- An Alternative Approach to the Parameterization the Momentum Flux Over the SeaBoundary-Layer Meteorology, 2004
- Reduced drag coefficient for high wind speeds in tropical cyclonesNature, 2003
- The Dependence of Sea Surface Roughness on the Height and Steepness of the WavesJournal of Physical Oceanography, 2001
- On the Dependence of Sea Surface Roughness on Wind WavesJournal of Physical Oceanography, 1998
- Air–Water Momentum Flux Observations over Shoaling wavesJournal of Physical Oceanography, 1996
- Coastal meteorologyReviews of Geophysics, 1995
- The Surface Boundary Layer in Coastal Upwelling RegionsJournal of Physical Oceanography, 1992
- Measurements of Drag Coefficients and Roughness Length at a Sea-Beach InterfaceJournal of Applied Meteorology, 1981
- Flux‐gradient relationships in the constant flux layerQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 1970