Reconstruction of flow conditions from 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami deposits at the Phra Thong island using a deep neural network inverse model
Open Access
- 31 May 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Copernicus GmbH in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
- Vol. 21 (5), 1667-1683
- https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1667-2021
Abstract
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused significant economic losses and a large number of fatalities in the coastal areas. The estimation of tsunami flow conditions using inverse models has become a fundamental aspect of disaster mitigation and management. Here, a case study involving the Phra Thong island, which was affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, in Thailand was conducted using inverse modeling that incorporates a deep neural network (DNN). The DNN inverse analysis reconstructed the values of flow conditions such as maximum inundation distance, flow velocity and maximum flow depth, as well as the sediment concentration of five grain-size classes using the thickness and grain-size distribution of the tsunami deposit from the post-tsunami survey around Phra Thong island. The quantification of uncertainty was also reported using the jackknife method. Using other previous models applied to areas in and around Phra Thong island, the predicted flow conditions were compared with the reported observed values and simulated results. The estimated depositional characteristics such as volume per unit area and grain-size distribution were in line with the measured values from the field survey. These qualitative and quantitative comparisons demonstrated that the DNN inverse model is a potential tool for estimating the physical characteristics of modern tsunamis.This publication has 64 references indexed in Scilit:
- Sheltered coastal environments as archives of paleo-tsunami deposits: Observations from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunamiJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2014
- Sediment Transport and Hydrodynamic Parameters of Tsunami Waves Recorded in Onshore GeoarchivesJournal of Coastal Research, 2014
- Relationship between the maximum extent of tsunami sand and the inundation limit of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami on the Sendai Plain, JapanSedimentary Geology, 2012
- Local inundation distances and regional tsunami recurrence in the Indian Ocean inferred from luminescence dating of sandy deposits in ThailandNatural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2012
- OSL dating of tsunami deposits from Phra Thong Island, ThailandQuaternary Geochronology, 2012
- Boulder deposition during major tsunami eventsEarth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2011
- Encyclopedia of Research DesignPublished by SAGE Publications ,2010
- Flow conditions of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand, inferred from capping bedforms and sedimentary structuresTerra Nova, 2008
- Distribution of runup heights of the December 26, 2004 tsunami in the Indian OceanGeophysical Research Letters, 2006
- Tsunami DepositsPure and Applied Geophysics, 2000