Kidney injury is one of the most common complications of multiple myeloma, one of the poor prognosis factors in patients with multiple myeloma, and can be the first clinical manifestation of multiple myeloma. Relevant studies have proved that kidney injury is an independent risk factor for death in patients with multiple myeloma, even though the overall survival of patients with multiple myeloma complicated with kidney injury is improved after the introduction of new anti-tumor drugs, but it was still worse than patients without renal damage. This review discussed the risk factors, pathogenesis and inducement factors of multiple myeloma-induced renal impairment, providing guidance value for early clinical prevention of multiple myeloma-related renal impair-ment, improvement of renal function in patients with multiple myeloma and overall prognosis of multiple myeloma.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the causes of the highest cancer mortality in the world. Due to its strong invasiveness, low survival rate and high recurrence and metastasis rate, GC poses a serious threat to the health of 4.4 billion people worldwide. Oxidative stress is a harm caused by genetic mutations in the body’s oxidation process, an increase in oxidative molecules, and a decrease in antioxidants. The theory of oxidative stress is one of the important theories in the study of the pathogenesis and development of gastric cancer, and the relationship between the two has attracted much attention. This paper introduces the definition of oxidative stress, the basic concept of gastric cancer and the damage caused by cellular oxidative stress. This paper focuses on the pathogenesis of oxidative stress and the clinical features of gastric cancer, and summarizes the role of oxidative stress in gastric cancer. The prevention and treatment of gastric cancer by regulating the molecular mechanism of oxidative stress may become the direction of GC diagnosis and treatment.

Tinnitus is one of the common clinical diseases in otolaryngology. For some patients, in addition to the interference of tinnitus itself, the resulting attention decline, sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression may have a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Because the mechanism of tinnitus occurrence is not completely clear, the treatment method for tinnitus is rich and varied. These methods are designed to reduce or eliminate tinnitus, but the results are different. This ar-ticle reviews the current situation of the treatment of tinnitus.

Objective: To analyze the recurrence rate and complications of 23 cases of abdominal incisional hernia defect repair + “工-shaped” double-layer mesh repair. Methods: A retrospective study was used in this study. From June 1, 2013 to June 1, 2019, we visited the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Twenty-three patients with “工-shaped” double-layer mesh for abdominal incisional hernia defect repair + “工-shaped” double-layer mesh repair were included. The basic data of pa-tients were collected and followed up for 3 years to observe the recurrence rate and complications after repair. Results: Among the 23 patients, 4 were male and 19 were female, with an average age of 71.9 years. There was no postoperative recurrence after 3 years of follow-up. Conclusion: The majority of patients with “工-shaped” double-layer mesh for abdominal incisional hernia defect re-pair + “工-shaped” double-layer mesh repair are women and the average age is older. The mesh can be used for incisional hernia repair to reduce the postoperative recurrence rate.

Intracranial hypertension is a common neurological critical disease and an important cause of death. At present, the main means of monitoring intracranial conditions are invasive and imaging examinations, and its application is limited. In recent years, non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring methods have gradually emerged. The non-invasive brain edema monitor based on biological electrical impedance tomography is of great significance in the evaluation of the condition, prognosis and treatment guidance of patients with neurosis.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common lower genital tract infection among women of childbearing age. It is most common among women infected with human papillomavirus. However, the correlation between BV, HPV and the development of cervical lesions is still unclear. In recent years, studies have found that BV can cause cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer by destroying the immune regulation mechanism of the body. Although the traditional antibiotic treatment of BV is effective, the cure rate is low and the recurrence rate is high. At present, probiotics have become a new therapy by reshaping the female vaginal micro-ecological environment. Therefore, it is possible to prevent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer by improving the immune response to HPV infection by improving the vaginal micro-ecological imbalance.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive and lethal malignancy among GI tract tumors with poor prog-nosis. m6A is the most common post-transcriptional modification and plays a crucial role in RNA output, translation, stabilization, maturation and decay. lncRNA is a class of molecules with tran-scriptional length over 200 nt, which normally do not participate in protein coding process directly, but in the form of RNA in protein coding gene regulation. Studies on the correlation between m6A modifications and lncRNAs are also underway. This paper presents a review of the latest research progress between m6A and lncRNA in PAAD, aiming to discuss the latest research and progress between m6A and LncRNA in pancreatic cancer.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia in adults, characterized by poor prognosis, short survival, high heterogeneity and significant cytogenetic characteristics. In recent years, with the development of molecular targeting and cell biology, many new methods have ap-peared on the basis of traditional chemotherapy for the treatment of this disease. This review fo-cuses on molecular targeted drug therapies targeting disease-specific cytogenetics and recurrent gene changes (e.g., FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, BCL-2 inhibitors, Hedgehog pathway inhibitors, etc.), emerging immunotherapies (e.g., CAR T cell therapy). It is expected to further expand treat-ment options for AML and improve patient survival.

NLRP3 inflammasome are one of the inflammatory complexes that have been intensively studied in recent years. They not only play an important role in various inflammatory diseases, but also have a close relationship with the occurrence and development of tumors. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are the main components of tumor microenvironment. They have strong immunosuppressive activity and can increase abnormally in tumor, infection and inflammation. They can effectively inhibit the killing of tumor by T cells and B cells, and are closely related to the occurrence and development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Recent studies have shown that IL-1β, an effector of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles, recruits large numbers of myeloid-derived sup-pressor cells (MDSCs) to tumour sites, assisting tumour cells to evade immune surveillance and promoting tumour progression. This article reviews the role and research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome and MDSC in the pathogenesis of MDS.

Cervical cancer has the fourth highest incidence and mortality rate in the world for malignant tu-mors. The main treatment methods of cervical cancer include surgery and chemoradiotherapy, and although advanced and recurrent patients use chemotherapy-based individualized treatment, the treatment effect is limited, and the disease deteriorates rapidly and dies. The combined use of antiangiogenic agents can prevent tumor progression, improve the survival of patients, and provide new ideas for the treatment of advanced and recurrent cervical cancer. This article reviews the mechanism of action of antiangiogenic agents on cervical cancer and the progress of related clinical trials.