Industrial and commercial use of engineered nanoparticles is rising. Less care is given to the negative effects on the environment and wastewater treatment systems, which could release hazardous pathogens and microorganisms and threaten human health. Due to their size and features, artificial nanoparticles can easily enter wastewater systems and impair treatment. This paper aimed to focus on nanoparticle detection limitations and their effects on wastewater treatment technologies. Nanoparticles have the potential to be utilised in the treatment of waste water. By virtue of its exceptionally high surface area, it can effectively remove poisonous metal ions, microorganisms that cause disease, as well as organic and inorganic solutes from water. Various groups of nanomaterials, such as metal-containing nanoparticles, carbonaceous nanomaterials, zeolites, and dendrimers, have been demonstrated to be effective for water purification. Composites are two or more materials assembled synthetically. Nanocomposites are vital for environmental rehabilitation because pollution is one of the world's biggest concerns and polluted water management. Population growth has increased the need for clean water. This includes ceramics, metal-based polymers, carbon, and iron-based graphene. Nanocomposites such as carboxyl methyl may adsorb a heavy metal ion and pesticide at a satisfactory rate. This study found that nanocomposites are good for restoring the environment and can be used in countries with low incomes.

Building collapse is a universal problem that has resulted in disruption, loss of lives and capital costs, as well as negatively affecting the image of the construction industry and its practitioners. The current study seeks to achieve the following objectives: (i) to assess the contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse due to challenges faced in Lagos state, Nigeria; (ii) to determine the remedies to challenges faced by internal stakeholders towards reducing the spate of building collapses in the study area. The study adopted a survey research method. Questionnaires were administered to purposively selected internal stakeholders in the Nigerian construction industry within Lagos state. 127 questionnaires were administered to survey participants. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed a lack of consideration of life cycle costing of utilities, lighting and lifts; lack of proper integration and coordination of design elements; failure to consider the buildability and maintenance requirements during the design; absence of proper supervision and site inspections for quality checks; and failure to inspect materials storage on site, with their mean scores of 4.18, 4.11, 4.10, 4.10, and 4.10, respectively, as the top five contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse in Lagos state. The study provided in-depth insight into the contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse that can help construction professionals and stakeholders facilitate the development of strategies required to minimize the contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse in the construction sector.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) Construction Lifecycle Process offers digital construction solutions throughout the whole project lifecycle by providing sustainable productivity and quality and increasing the work collaboration and efficiency of the design teams. BIM represents the development and application of computer-generated n-dimensional (n-D) models to simulate building construction planning, design, construction, and operation. In Sarawak, the BIM technology does not meet the construction stakeholder's expectations during the project lifecycles in different stages, which resulted in low BIM implementation. Therefore, this research study aims to identify the salient barrier factors to the implementation of BIM in the Sarawak construction industry, specifically in the design stage. To achieve the research study, the methodology is applied through literature review, followed by an online interview with BIM experts in Sarawak Construction Industry. Lastly, the findings of this study indicate the most salient factors faced by the Sarawak construction industry until the present, in terms of Technology, Cost, Management, Personal and Policy, such as (1) Lack of active participation from consultants in the project team, (2) Low enforcement from client, (3) Lack of senior management support, (4) Lack of desire to change of the older generation to implement BIM and (5) Lack of the knowledge regarding the cost benefits for implementing BIM.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is one of the most advanced developments in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry that can generate a 3D virtual information model which can be used for planning, design, construction, and operations. As Building Information Modelling (BIM) approaches the construction industry as a new technology and process, changes in the industry have created some barriers to BIM adoption in Malaysia. This research aims to enhance the implementation of BIM in the construction stage of Sarawak's construction industry by identifying and classifying the critical barriers. This study fills this current knowledge gap and enhances the understanding of BIM in the construction stage and the factors that hinder implementation in Sarawak. To develop the challenges being faced in this industry, a set of barrier clusters based on people, process, policy, technology, and cost were pre-identified through a literature review, and a structured interview involving three BIM experts was conducted on WebEx to refine these barriers with the current industry situation. As an outcome, this study identified 49 of the barriers from the literature and refined them into 26 of the barriers under their main clusters. Interestingly, they all validated the fact that lack of government involvement in BIM implementation is an undeniable barrier factor to growing BIM utilization and reaching its full potential. This study will form the basis of further research, and additional studies focusing on prioritizing these identified barriers for strategic planning would help the construction players in their swift transformation to BIM.

Constant need-for-change in the construction market and social trends has resulted in the demand for more adaptable building systems. The ability to practise and accommodate change has consequently become a new necessity for buildings. Adaptability, therefore, is to be considered in both the pre-construction stage and the entire life cycle of the construction. The further civilization develops, the more we need to take advantage of the Open Building Systems (OBS) concept, introduced to the construction industry almost 70 years ago. However, conventional methods are still common due to the lack of knowledge in OBS, resistance to change, monopoly of conventional building materials manufacturing, insufficient legislation, and lack of end-user’s awareness. The ability to practise and accommodate changes has consequently become a new necessity for building construction. This research aims to address the interactions among the influential factors of OBS. The initial move was to identify and verify the significant open building influential factors in a conceptual model based on previous relevant literature. Then the second step was to find the interactions between the variables through the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. The results indicate that one of the most significant and main factors is the "Level of Independence", and the main cause factor identified was "Standardization (St)", which had a major role in the success of construction OBS performance.

The effectiveness of security and accessibility to all facilities supplied in the neighborhood area was evaluated using the Pedestrian Infrastructure Quality of Service methodology. The method is known as a "mix of land uses to test pedestrian connectivity," and it encompasses land use and connectivity within a 400-meter walking radius, as indicated on the map. According to the findings, 28% of pedestrians in the age range of 25–34 years old were eager to walk in a neighborhood with good pedestrian infrastructure and a safe environment for walking. The elderly were less willing to walk because of the lack of pedestrian infrastructure, which prevented people from using walking as a mode of transportation. Professionals, who accounted for 45.6 % of all responses, favored increased provision for pedestrians in the neighborhood area to encourage more people to walk instead of driving private vehicles.

Petrochemical is a vital pillar industry for the national economic growth wherein the past few years, it has produced a huge amount of petroleum sludge. Petroleum sludge (PS) contains toxic and carcinogenic-mutagenic compounds and heavy metals, which are a major source of pollution in the environment. Thus, it needs to be properly treated and disposed of. Correspondingly, this paper presents a review of the techniques to treat petroleum waste to effectively immobilize the heavy metals and highlights their possible application as construction materials. This review concludes that each treatment method (i.e., solidification, stabilization, incineration, bioremediation, centrifugation, etc.) has its own merits and demerits and may be more suitable for certain applications than others. The use of pyrolysis, solidification, and stabilization techniques has been demonstrated to be potentially beneficial in protecting the environment from contaminants in PS and further recycling PS as cementitious materials. However, the selection of suitable treatment methods has to be made based on the chemical composition of the waste, method capacity, costs, and disposal standards. Therefore, an overall evaluation is required prior to treatment method selection to ensure the safe disposal or recycling of petroleum waste. This review could improve basic knowledge of PS treatment and disposal techniques and serve as a future guide for recycling PS as a building material.

One of the disadvantages of conventional steel structures in Iran is the common way of I-shaped beam to double column fixed connection that do not perform well against seismic loads. This article uses the side plate to modify and optimize the connection. Using this new geometry, the beam-to-column direct connection is eliminated, and there is no longer any concern about the brittle fracture of penetration weld of the beam-to-column connection and the weakness of panel zone that occur in the common fixed connections. In addition, by eliminating the direct transfer of beam flange force to the double column connection plate, the problem of deformation, complexity or buckling of the cover plate of the column is spontaneously removed. In this paper, in order to investigate the nonlinear behavior of beam-to-double column connection system, a number of three-dimensional finite element models under the effect of cyclic loading have been analyzed. The results show that the beam-to-double column connection using the side plates has good strength and ductility and can be used in special moment frames for seismic areas.

The surrounding environment plays an important role in communities as living in a good environment can improve the health cycle, increase the quality of life and provide sustainable development for the country. The rapid growth of the human population has led to the increasing demand for infrastructure development and the construction sector in Malaysia. This overview of environmental management practice for construction in Malaysia has reviewed the overall structure of environmental management for the construction site in Malaysia. Construction management is covered in this review report, including construction waste generation, construction waste management, government bodies, government policy, the current status of the environment in Malaysia, challenges, future prospects, and other environmental considerations of environmental management practice for construction in Malaysia. Besides, the detailed guideline and orders for construction waste, effluence discharge, noise pollution, vibration, and emission release from construction in Malaysia have been reviewed and stated in this report. Lastly, a recommendation for strengthening the enforcement of law and regulation for environmental management practice to comply has been included in the conclusion of this report to overcome the challenges faced for sustainable construction development in Malaysia.

Now more than ever, the health and economic benefits of active transportation (AT) are evident and several planning efforts and programs are particularly targeted at improving active transportation options for different populations, such as students and seniors. Administrative employees at universities received less attention in the literature than other population groups.This population spends a lot of time doing sedentary activities and behaviors during their working time. Thus, the present study used a C5 decision tree to examine the usage of university employees’ AT modes when they are out of campus to get to work, shopping, and leisure. The effects of the sociodemographic and living environment of employees on their AT mode choice were also examined. According to the results, walking was the most frequently used mode to get to work and leisure and public transport was the most frequently used mode to get to shopping. Transit station conditions (25), sidewalk availability and coverage (36), and bike path availability and coverage (30) were the most important factors in the use of AT modes by employees to get to work, shop, and leisure, respectively. Furthermore, several decision rules were extracted from the C5 tree, which included combinations of multiple factors.KEYWORDS: Active transportation, mode choice, university employees, trip purposes, C5