In cervical spine surgery there are known risk of complications such as esophageal fistula and dural tear. Usually the gold standard in treatment is represented by surgery. The sternocleidomastoid flap is the most common used in the revision procedure. In this paper we propose a modified surgical technique of harvesting the SCM flap and we suggest its use as prevention in selected cases.

In this study, nano-cerium dioxide doped titanium-dioxide (CeO2-TiO2) Nanocomposites (NCs) was used for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutant parameters (color, polyphenols, polyaromatics) from a textile industry wastewater (TI ww) treatment plant located in Izmir, Turkey, at different operational conditions such as at increasing photocatalytic time (0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min), at different CeO2-TiO2 mass ratios (1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 16%, 25%, 30%, 50%), at the different amounts of CeO2 (1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/L) under 130 W Ultraviolet (UV) and 35 W sun lights irradiations, respectively. Color, polyphenols (quercetin, fisetin, ellargic acid, carminic acid, luteolin, and curcumin) and polyaromatics [2,6-dimethylaniline (2,6-DMA), 2-aminoanisole (MOA), 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA), 2-naphthylamine (NA), 4,40-thiobisbenzenamine (TOA), 3,3-dichlorobenzidine (DCB) and 3,30-dimethoxybenzidine (DMOB)] removal efficiencies were observed between 78% and 99% during photocatalytic experiments, under 130 W UV light, at 15% CeO2-TiO2 NCs, at 21°C, after 30 min irradiation time. 15% CeO2-TiO2 NCs shows the highest photodegradation yield of color under both UV and visible-light irradiation, with maximum photo-degradation rates of 99% and 98.5%, respectively, after 30 min irradiation time. 94.44% maximum Microtox acute toxicity yield was found in CeO2-TiO2 NCs = 20 mg/L, at 5% CeO2 mass ratio, after 150 min photodegradation time at 60oC. 90% maximum Daphnia magna acute toxicity removal was obtained in CeO2-TiO2 NCs = 20 mg/L, at 5% CeO2 mass ratio, after 150 min photodegradation time at 60°C. The results show that the CeO2-TiO2 NCs has a high photocatalytic activity to remove the pollutants from TI ww.

Research in sexuality is relatively new and has faced various obstacles, social frowning, and academic rejection. This paper reviews the early days of sexuality, the church’s negative view of it, and how it progressed to the 21st century. Sex research is then described and the various methodological issues reviewed. In addition, research on sexuality and alcoholism, sexuality in children, and conducting qualitative research on sexual issues is described.

Background: Health literacy is importantly recognized to combat the increasing incidence of kidney disease in the community and kidney health for all campaigns. Various kinds of digital platforms and tools are used to bridge the gap in health literacy to improve kidney health. Fifty percent of the world population is devoid of internet connection or poor connectivity. Digital library plays a vital role in digital literacy and this present study is done to see if sever specially designed can work without the internet with digital library software. Methods: A specially designed server that can connect with a digital device along with a regular internet-based server was loaded with digital library software. Devices with regular browsers were to access the server with the web address juxtaguide.com. Users included the admin who had full control over the device and other users were divided into teachers group I N = 25 for online and group II, N = 20 for offline study, and they were allowed to upload various format digital files for their students to access. Students in the study group were n = 250 online and n = 80 in an offline group. They were assessed if they can access the digital material, search and also participate in chat functions with their teachers. Links were shared through social media for online mode. Results: Teachers in both offline and online mode were able to access the server register and upload files in all formats like mp3, mp4, PDF, documents, links, blogs, and images, using digital device including laptops or mobile phones. Students were able to communicate in the offline mode similar to the online mode with various digital devices. The offline server was portable and could run on a backup inverter power source and could run continuously with a hot spot range of 50 meters. The upload and download speed for the offline version was not affected whereas in the online mode, when in 2G the internet was of low speed, bigger files were not downloadable. The maintenance cost of the offline server was minimal compared to the online server. Discussion: For the first time in the world, a server was converted to function in the offline mode, having the ability to synchronize with an online server that holds the same digital library software. All criteria of a digital library were full filled. In the offline mode, the device was also successful in two- way communication which no one could achieve to date. Conclusion: DigiNet as a digital library device fulfills all requirements to be a cost-effective device for offline literacy development. It also gives new hope to surpass not only the health literacy barrier but also opens huge potential for its use in future research and education. Further research is to be conducted with regards to the extension of its range up to 12 km.

For decades, monkeypox virus was only a disease that infected animals but, in the 1990’s it found a new target in humans. This paper dives into the history of human monkeypox and the root of the cause right from the start. The aim here is to understand the underlying cause for the sudden rise in monkeypox cases in regions that are not conducive to the disease. Throughout the paper, there will also be a list of activities mentioned that people ought to avoid when a known person is infected. Overall, by the end of the paper there will be a clear idea of do’s and don’ts regarding monkeypox virus.

Congenital dermal sinus is a type of occult spinal dysraphism. It is a result of incomplete separation of the cutaneous ectoderm from neural ectoderm. MRI can aid in identifying the subtype of spinal dysraphism however, surgery is always recommended to dissect the intradural component.

At low (400), but not at high (> 930), ppm CO2 the entropy produced per glucose mole is lower in fermentation than in respiration. Then, applied to the proliferation of the fermentative cancer cells within vertebrate body, the Prigogine theorem of the trend to minimize the rate of entropy production would predict that cancer must growth faster than normal tissues at low but not at high CO2 concentrations. Accordingly, re-examination of epidemiologic data shows link between low cancer incidence or death and jobs or habits likely exposed to high CO2 concentrations. Further experiments should confirm the suggested inhibition of cancer by CO2.

USA is in disarray, embedded in a strange recession, where GDP is decreasing, while workforce is growing, at least after government calculations, with lots of omissions included. Visibly US is in decay due to internal factors mainly, accelerated by wrong political actions, with deep disrespect to common sense, that triggers the action of external factors. Inflation is not entirely due to inappropriate response to pandemic, but is rooted in economy’s dysfunctions, and external politics based on provoking external wars for the business of the “very few” who owns both parties sake. COVID did not disappeared, is here, thriving, and takes a hard toll on US citizens, but was covered by other issues that captures the minds of a poorly educated population, trapped in information bubble. Nor democrat or republican leadership, explained clearly the role of masks in fighting pandemic, and masks become now an object of fashion and political statements, being inappropriately worn. Due to this lack of understanding of how aerosolized nano-matter in form of viruses and bacteria propagates, the risk of having new pandemics over the winter is high. Viruses as SAR-CoV-2 continue to mutate and spread, and competes with new health threats as monkey pox, where 40% of US population suffer from a combination of Diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Stroke, Heart Disease, Cancer, Chronic Kidney Disease and Chronic Lung Disease, aggravated by opioids, alcoholism stimulated by new recession, that will increase poorness and its consequences. It is important that government and its agencies to correct their attitude toward the real threats and to place health and safety of population above politics.

Global challenges require interactive global solutions. The disparities of inter alia scarce resources, military efforts, trade, and transboundary realizations of pollutants and irritants into the biosphere correlate to the multidimensional origin of health and environmental perturbations. Thus, taking into cognizance the inherent complexity of the world, it has become necessary to inculcate all pertinent concerns in decision making locally and globally. The levels of significant risk factors and social decision-making continue to undergo diverse alterations in several countries with their attendant geopolitics, gain-of-function research in biosecurity, environment, and health which necessitate international cooperation for peaceful coexistence within and across borders. A proper understanding of the cumulative impact of these changes in erstwhile, current and future trends is vital to harness and curb environmental health disasters in vulnerable ecosystem cadastres. Changes or trends in risk factor presentations or levels can be determined via disparate or collaborative spatiotemporal specific environmental cadastre and health surveys. International conflicts, hostilities, war, commodity crisis, inflation, trade imperfection, supply-chain disruption and labour shortages are being rebranded by multinationals and industrialized countries as health and environmentally virtuous policies.

Hyperhaemolysis is characterized by a haemolytic transfusion reaction that leads to life-threatening anaemia. It is usually suspected when there is a drop in haemoglobin level at least 24 hours after receiving allogeneic red cell transfusion. Decreasing haematocrit level, failure to respond to repeated RBC transfusions, markedly elevated LDH, absent haptoglobin, and gross haemoglobinuria are all suggestive of a haemolytic process. The aim of this review is to summarize and evaluate the cases from published literature to determine the features, management and outcome of reported cases of hyperhaemolysis syndrome.