The systems biology is a new branch of modern biology aimed at studying various systems existing in nature on the level of their biological components such as biomolecules (ex. DNA, RNA, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, etc.), cells and organelles, tissues and organs, organisms, or species. It differs from the synthetic biology aimed at the creation and study of the biological systems that do not exist in nature for: a) development and combining different functional modules in one system, b) better understanding of processes taking place in the living organisms, c) development of new methods for influencing functions of the living organisms. These two branches of modern biology have similar methodological approaches based on the achievements of molecular bio­logy and bioinformatics. The behavior of different systems in the living organisms is very compleх, however, it might be defined using specific approaches of the systems bio­logy based on studying qualitative and quantitative characteristics of all components of a specific biological system through the OMICS approaches. In this review, specific OMICS for various biological systems are briefly described. The application of the systems bio­logy and the OMICS approaches demonstrated their great potentials for medicine, pharmaceutics, biotechnology, namely for the development of “smart” biomaterials.Keywords: systems biology, synthetic biology, OMICS approaches

Opportunistic microorganisms play a significant role in the development of inflammatory diseases, including generalized periodontitis. The growing tendency towards the formation of antibiotic resistant microorganisms causes the relevance of monitoring the microorganisms’ sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs and the development of new approaches to the antimicrobial therapy. The purpose of this work was to determine the dominant microbial associations of the oral cavity in the conditions of generalized perio­dontitis, to study their sensitivity to antibiotics, antiseptics and phytopreparations. The mic­robial associations’ study at generalized periodontitis was performed by bacteriological monitoring of the pathological material from the foci of the inflammatory process. Determination of the isolates’ antibiotic susceptibility to antiseptics and phytopreparations was carried out by the disc diffusion method, in the agar. As test culture, the follo­wing bacteria and yeast from the American Type Culture Collection were used: Candida albicans ATCC 885-653; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923; Escherichia coli ATCC 25922; Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212; Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615; and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC ATCC 27853. We also used clinical strains of bacteria and yeasts (S. aureus, K. rhinoscleromatis, H. alvei, E. coli, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, C. albicans, C. glabrata isolated from the oral cavities of patients suffering from the inflammatory periodontium. We selected clinical strains with multiple resistance to antibio­tics. The results of studies have shown that the opportunistic microorganisms dominated in 100 % of cases within the oral cavity microbiota in patients with generalized periodontitis. The most pronounced clinical symptoms of the disease and recurrent inflammation were observed with the persistence of the Staphylococcus genus bacteria association with the Enterobacteriaceae family bacteria and Pseudomonas bacteria genera, microscopic Candida genus fungi in the oral cavity. It was found that the fluoroquinolones and cefoperazone/sulbactam were the most effective against the isolates. Among the commercial preparations, Sangviritrin showed the most expressive antimicrobial activity and its antibacterial effect was registered on the clinical isolates of S. aureus. It is worth noting that the Sangviritrin showed the antimicrobial effect against an extra antibiotic-resistant isolates resistant to all phytopreparations and disinfectants used in the test. A high antimicrobial activity of Decasanum and Sangviritrin against the multi-antibiotic resistant strains, most by against Gram-positive bacteria, was established. The established regularities determine the relevance of the antibiotic therapy taking into account the antibiotic susceptibility of the inflammatory process pathogens and the development of a comprehensive approach for correction of the opportunistic microbiota at genera­lized periodontitis.Keywords: antibiotic resistant isolates, opportunistic microorganisms, antibacterial activity, oral cavity microbiota