Toby Richards and colleagues1Richards T Baikady RR Clevenger B et al.Preoperative intravenous iron to treat anaemia before major abdominal surgery (PREVENTT): a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.Lancet. 2020; 396: 1353-1361Summary Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (13) Google Scholar found no difference in the need for blood transfusions between the group receiving preoperative intravenous iron versus those receiving placebo. This finding is not surprising and was a consequence of poor study design that disregarded all knowledge on preoperative anaemia treatment, iron metabolism, and ferric carboxymaltose indications and contraindications.

Li X, Mukandavire C, Cucunubà ZM, et al. Estimating the health impact of vaccination against ten pathogens in 98 low-income and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2030: a modelling study. Lancet 2021; 397: 398–408—In appendix 2, the table legends for appendix 3 p 1 (d–f) and p 2 (d–f) should have been for under-5s by calendar view, and the table legends for appendix 3 p 1 (g–i) and p 2 (g–i) should have been for all ages by cohort view. The titles of the tables have also been corrected. These corrections have been made as of Feb 18, 2021.

“The availability of good medical care tends to vary with the need for it in the population served. This inverse care law operates more completely where medical care is most exposed to market forces, and less so where such exposure is reduced.”

Summary Background New vector control tools are required to sustain the fight against malaria. Lethal house lures, which target mosquitoes as they attempt to enter houses to blood feed, are one approach. Here we evaluated lethal house lures consisting of In2Care (Wageningen, Netherlands) Eave Tubes, which provide point-source insecticide treatments against host-seeking mosquitoes, in combination with house screening, which aims to reduce mosquito entry. Methods We did a two-arm, cluster-randomised controlled trial with 40 village-level clusters in central Côte d'Ivoire between Sept 26, 2016, and April 10, 2019. All households received new insecticide-treated nets at universal coverage (one bednet per two people). Suitable households within the clusters assigned to the treatment group were offered screening plus Eave Tubes, with Eave Tubes treated using a 10% wettable powder formulation of the pyrethroid β-cyfluthrin. Because of the nature of the intervention, treatment could not be masked for households and field teams, but all analyses were blinded. The primary endpoint was clinical malaria incidence recorded by active case detection over 2 years in cohorts of children aged 6 months to 10 years. This trial is registered with ISRCTN, ISRCTN18145556. Findings 3022 houses received screening plus Eave Tubes, with an average coverage of 70% across the intervention clusters. 1300 eligible children were recruited for active case detection in the control group and 1260 in the intervention group. During the 2-year follow-up period, malaria case incidence was 2·29 per child-year (95% CI 1·97–2·61) in the control group and 1·43 per child-year (1·21–1·65) in the intervention group (hazard ratio 0·62, 95% CI 0·51–0·76; p Interpretation Screening plus Eave Tubes can provide protection against malaria in addition to the effects of insecticide-treated nets, offering potential for a new, cost-effective strategy to supplement existing vector control tools. Additional trials are needed to confirm these initial results and further optimise Eave Tubes and the lethal house lure concept to facilitate adoption. Funding The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Cuzick J, Sestak I, Forbes JF, et al. Use of anastrozole for breast cancer prevention (IBIS-II): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2020; 395: 117–22—In this Article, Bernardo Bonanni's affiliation should have been “Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy”. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 25, 2021.