The Trypanosoma brucei group trypanosomes (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense) cause an invariably fatal disease in humans, and Trypanosoma brucei brucei a fatal disease in cattle, if left untreated [1].

In order to obtain a better resolution of honey and bee pollen quality, it is essential to study them in nature, avoiding any chemical treatment. Besides pollen grains, trichomes, vegetable druses, mites, charcoal, fragments of plant tissues, amorphous brownish organic material, starch, finely granulate, dispersed gray vegetal material and oils are frequently detected. These elements interfere with the nutritional value of the products.

Very recently we had published a paper entitled ‘The Potential Development Sulfonylhydrazines for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease’ [1]. Our paper was a development from an observation by others from 1997, where a remarkable remission in Dementia was observed in cancer patients following treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent BCNU (Carmustine, 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) [2].

E. purpurea has amazing medicinal properties that effectively deal with human diseases. Today, we find frightening figures in the WHO news about the increase in coronavirus infection and the number of deaths. This article presents a simple way of self-defense by increasing the body’s immune reactivity. In order to alleviate the condition and prevent not only COVID but also a variety of viral, as well as bacterial, and fungal infections, doctors can use the ornamental plant Echinacea (E.), which was once used by the indigenous people of America, the Indians, for almost all occasions. This article presents a small list of important biologically active components of E. and the range of their use, as well as a simple recipe for making a healing solution.

The role of redox deviations under salinity on metabolic dysfunction associated with progression of seed germination is well documented. However, the correlative evaluation of the salinity induced changes in the redox system and hormonal profile in regulating germination are least studied and hence is the subject of present investigation. Imposition of post imbibitional salinity stress (PISS) to two contrasting rice genotypes differing in sensitivity towards salinity (Oryza sativa L., Cultivars Patnai and IR29) caused differential and significant redox-metabolic shift and germination performances. Biomarkers of oxidative stress like, accumulation of total ROS, in situ localization of hydrogen peroxide, radical scavenging property, and lipid peroxidation are assessed for the determination of salinity induced differential changes in redox status of both the experimental cultivars. Salt resistant cultivar Patnai exhibiting better redox regulatory property under PISS in terms of controlled generation of ROS (DCFDA oxidation, H2O2 content) with greater elicitation of total antioxidant capacity (DPPH radical scavenging property), contends lipid peroxidation (accumulation of TBARS) as compared to the salt-sensitive cultivar IR 29. RP-HPLC based estimation of PISS-induced alteration in hormonal pools showed strong correlation between altered redox status (assessed in terms of redox biomarkers) and hormonal profile (endogenous titer of gibberellic acid (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA)) and germination and other physiological phenotypes (t50 value, allocation index, relative water content, and Na+ / K+ ratio) of the experimental rice germplasms, suggesting the influence of differential shift in redox status on germination hormones and early growth performances. Taken as a whole, the work proposes close connection between salinity induced changes in oxidative windows and hormonal profile of germinating seeds, necessary for better management of salinity stress in agriculture.