Dehydrated citrus pulp (PC) has been used in animal feed in pellet form, as an energetic and highly digestible ingredient of the fibrous classification for growing and lactating animals. The purpose of this experiment is data on the introduction of citrus products in replacement, in diets with the possibility of a greater variety of products between concentrates and forages. To evaluate the research, rumen fluid was used to determine pH and ammonia dosage and a blood sample to determine blood glucose and urea. With this work, the change from corn ration to citrus pulp, in any of them, did not interfere in any parameter evaluated.

Corneal ulcer is considered an emergency, which can lead to loss of vision if left untreated. Among the surgical techniques of choice, the pedicled conjunctival flap is a procedure that provides mechanical and vascular supply of the conjunctiva to the corneal lesion. The aim of this study is to report a case of bilateral descemetocele in a nine-month-old female dog, Shih Tzu, treated at São Lucas Veterinary Hospital of Ji-Paraná. Initially, the treatment was systemic and topical drug therapy, after 72 hours, surgery was performed in both eyes and temporary tarsorrhaphy only in the right eye, later following the entire healing process.

This study aimed to analyze the case series of canine leptospirosis at the University Veterinary Hospital - UFPI. A total of 82 dogs were treated between 2018 and 2019, with suspected leptospirosis. For confirmation, the Microscopic Seroagglutination Test (MAT) was performed. The sera classified with 50%, 75% and 100% of agglutination were submitted to a second test of the MAT for titration with the reactive serovars, considered infective the one with the highest titer, with 35 (43%) reagents and 47 (57%) non-reactive. It is concluded that leptospirosis is widespread among dogs from Teresina - PI and has its main hosts in synanthropic rodents, as well as the dog itself.

The effect of Trichoderma harzianum and T. longibrachiatum in promoting plant growth was studied in Chionanthus pubescens, Eucalyptus cinerea e Cupressus macrocarpa. As variables associated with the growth and development of forest plants, the height, stem length, number of leaves and dry weight of the plants were evaluated. The two Trichoderma species used had a positive effect, improving most of the variables evaluated in the forest’s species studied.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of near infrared spectroscopy instrumentation with NIRS FOSS and Perten on predictions of crude protein (CP) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDDM) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVDOM) of cottonseed. The models for the CP parameter obtained better results in the NIR Perten and FOSS instruments than the models for IVDDM and IVDOM of cottonseed. In addition, the model with the best performance observed for CP was attributed to NIR Perten, considering its best RPD index.

Dairy farming is among the main activities of Brazilian agribusiness, with a fundamental role in the country's economic development. However, ocular carcinoma is a disease that causes this activity. work reports the case of a bovine of the breed of the breed of the ocular region, that in the physical examination, increase of volume with ocular contour. Soon, an enucleation surgery was performed, and collection for histopathological examination, which after thirty days, tested positive for basal squamous carcinoma. Initially, the animal reacted well, however, it showed significant worsening after 90 days. Since the prognosis was unfavorable, euthanasia of the animal was reported to the owner.

Several researches have been evaluating the use of nitrogen fertilization as a way to attenuate the effects of salinity in different cultures. However, plant responses to nitrogen fertilization under saline stress conditions are quite complex and many divergent results are still found in the literature. In some studies, the application of nitrogen attenuates the effects of salinity only under low salinity conditions, in others no significant interaction between salinity and nitrogen is observed and in some it is possible to observe some attenuating effect of nitrogen in plants under saline stress. In this context, this review discusses the possibility of nitrogen fertilization to attenuate the effects of irrigation water salinity in maize.

The aim of this study was to evaluate extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors and the prevalence of periodontal disease in dogs and cats. We evaluated 75 dogs and 30 cats with no predilection for breed, sex, age or weight. The results revealed that periodontal disease was highly prevalent in the animals evaluated, the most common condition being dental calculus, followed by gingivitis and grade I periodontal disease. more adequate preventive guidance, an early diagnosis and an appropriate therapeutic recommendation.

Brazil is ranking as the biggest commercial herd in the world¬¬, being the largest exporter, generating a yearly revenue for the country that exceeds US$ 5 billion in sales. Foot disorders are one of the major problems faced by producers, extensively farmed beef animals are frequently affected, nevertheless these data are not so uncovered, to that end it is reported a case of a bovine affected by a carcinoma in its right digit, on the right-back limb whose treatment was performed through a surgical procedure of digit amputation in Jaru – RO.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of green pruning on the production and quality of cuttings of the grapevine rootstock Paulsen 1103, using two treatments: without green pruning and with green pruning. Variables evaluated: production, and quality of cuttings, differentiated according to diameter, for table grafting (diameter: 0.8cm to 1.2cm) and for field planting, production of rooted rootstock (diameter: 0.5cm to 0.7cm). In the 2018 cycle green pruning increased production of cuttings for table grafting (55.17%), without affecting production.ha-1. In 2019, there was an increase in production.ha-1 by 49.4% and in the production of cuttings for table grafting.

Mycobacterium bovis is the main cause of bovine tuberculosis, being one of the main zoonoses that have a great economic and public health impact. The objective of this research was to evaluate the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis in carcasses through post mortem inspection in a slaughterhouse under the Federal Inspection System (SIF) located in the central region of Rondônia. The total number of slaughtered cattle, carcasses condemned for tuberculosis, the quarterly average and the total average of bovine tuberculosis occurrence were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The occurrence of lesions suggestive of bovine tuberculosis in carcasses in the slaughterhouse studied confirms the importance of inspection and inspection of meat.

This study aimed to evaluate the information contained in conventional and strawberry flavored jam packaging labels. For this purpose, 22 retained were evaluated, 14 of which were conventional and 8 of the diet type. A checklist was elaborated taking into consideration mainly resolutions RDC nº 259/02 and RDC nº 360/03, and some other complementary legislations. As for conventional jellies, 90% of the mandatory requirements comply with legislation, and 91% for diet jellies. Some requirements, 100% adequacy, and the requirement that most present inadequacy or partial adequacy of a nutrition label.

Prolapses are a condition of the female reproductive system due to the externalization of the organs of the reproductive and urinary tract through the vulva. It has a higher incidence in the bovine species and is usually associated with the final third of pregnancy, its occurrence is multifactorial. This pathology is considered an obstetric emergency, being crucial the evaluation of the veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis and immediate treatment, preventing the loss of reproductive capacity and economic damage.

Skin grafting refers to a reconstructive method used in cases of integumentary discontinuity, being an excellent option for covering lesions. Surgical defects resulting from the excision of cutaneous neoplasms are its main indication. A 13-year-old male SRD dog was treated at the São Lucas Veterinary Hospital, in the city of Ji-Paraná - RO, during the physical examination, a neoplastic mass was noticed on the lateral face of the left forelimb. The tegumentar grafting technique was chosen due to the length of the surgical cut and the scarcity of skin to approximate the incised edges, so the skin graft was removed from the left lateral region of the chest.

The purpose of this case report was to describe the use of nitroglycerin in a dog with congestive heart failure. On physical examination, the patient has tachypnea, tachycardia, systolic murmur, and auscultated bronchovesicular sounds. SpO2 measurement was 91% and systolic blood pressure was 135 mmHg. The dog was sedated and given oxygen and a dose of furosemide. In view of the persistence of clinical signs, nitroglycerin infusion was started. After starting the nitroglycerin infusion, the clinical signs presented resolved. In this patient, nitroglycerin was effective in congestive heart failure refractory to the diuretic furosemide.

Sitophilus zeamais is one of the main pests of stored corn. The objective of the present work was to identify the resistance of corn genotypes to the attack of different densities of S. zeamais. 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 adult insects were used for infestation in samples of four maize genotypes: Nutricional Embrapa, Milho Roxo, 8 Carreiras and Palha Roxa. The number of emerged insects, grain mass loss, insect weight, longevity and sex ratio were evaluated. Maize Roxo and 8 Rows were the most resistant, as they had the lowest number of emerged insects and the lowest grain mass loss.

Microgreens became a trend and it was noticed that few supermarket chains offer these vegetables. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the current state of supply of microgreen vegetables. In the research carried out, supermarkets were distributed in most areas of the city, with 56.25% located in the central-south area and the others distributed in the central-west areas (6.25%), north (6.25%), east (6.25%) and west (25.00%). The arugula and radish are the most frequently offered, while coriander is the least commercialized. Finally, the lack of producers of this type of vegetables in the region also appears to be an important factor for the low supply of microgreens in Manaus.

The frosty pod of cacao is one of the major diseases affecting cacao in Ecuador. Considering the lack of standardized methods to quantify this disease on fruits, the aim of this study was to develop a standard area diagram to quantify the severity of the cacao frosty pod. To standardize the assessment, we developed one set of standard area diagrams with ten images. To validate the diagram, thirty raters estimated the severity of 42 scanned fruit images at different severity levels. The proposed diagram provided good levels of accuracy and precision, constituting thus a useful tool in epidemiological studies and for the development of strategies to control the cacao frosty pod as the plant breeding.

Spirocerciasis is a parasitic, chronic, silent and fatal disease caused by Spirocerca lupi, which affects canids, and exceptionally felids. The objective of this report is to record the occurrence of spirocerciasis in dogs/canids reported in Brazil, from 2010 to 2021. The bibliographic research indicated the record of 24 cases in Brazil, with 50% of the cases being recorded in the Southeast region, 42% in the Midwest and 8% in the Northeast. The low number of cases may be associated with the insidious characteristic of the disease, the presence of nonspecific clinical signs, the ability to cause sudden death in the definitive host, due to rupture of an aortic aneurysm, and the difficulty of diagnosis in coproparasitological examination.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of wet brewery residue (RUC) levels as a forage source on the apparent digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen balance of feedlot lambs. The treatments consisted of four levels of RUC as forage, as follows: 31; 44; 57 and 70 % on a dry matter basis. The increase in the level of RUC as a roughage in the diet leads to a linear decrease (P≤0.01) of the digestibility coefficients of dry matter and organic matter. N intake decreased linearly (P≤0.05) with increasing dietary RUC level.

In this work, a system dynamics model was developed to simulate fluidized bed dryers with exhaust air recirculation. The behavior of the grain dryer was completely analyzed from a series of scenarios. A study involving drying corn grains was presented, using parameters and configurations of practical examples, to obtain control and stability of the drying process, using pre-established values of energy and exergetic efficiencies. The a priori control methodology presented optimized, controlled and stabilized results. The simulation results were analyzed until reaching the stability of the control system of the controlled variable.

It was evaluated in the field the infiltration of water in the soil in three different cultures and also native forest in the city of Cáceres - MT. The basic infiltration velocity (VIB) of the soil was defined through the ring infiltrometer method and to determine the parameters of the accumulated infiltration equation (I) and infiltration velocity (VI) the empirical model developed by Kostiakov was used. In the study areas (SPC; SLF; SP and FN) three infiltration tests were carried out. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means, and showed that soils with corn crops and native forest showed better water infiltration.

Calcium, boron and potassium are important nutrients in plant growth and development, contributing to cell division, cell wall lining, nutrient transport via the plasma membrane, enzymatic activation, nutrient and metabolic translocation via xylem and phloem, biosynthesis and metabolism of carbohydrates, pigments, chromoproteins among other effects. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the physiological effects of Ca, B, and K on the initial growth of Mentha spicata (L.). For the development of this work, a research and bibliographic review was carried out with preliminary tests carried out in 2017/2018 in the Multidisciplinary laboratories of Chemistry, Biochemistry in the premises of the Unigran Capital Faculty, Campo Grande - MS. Mentha spicata (L.) was used to investigate the effects of Ca, B and K, for seedling height, seedling stem diameter, plant tissue analysis, leaf area and chlorophyll, number of stomata and seedling fresh weight. Among the results obtained, it is highlighted that the nutrient solution at concentrations of 0.75% and 1% contributed to the increase in seedlings, average length of roots, shoots, leaf area and fresh mass. Verifying the essential oil yield in the leaves and stems there were no significant differences in the treatments.

The term “wild pig” generically represents animals of the species Sus scrofa scrofa, which are kept in the wild, popularly known as “Boars”. Due to the wide distribution of wild pigs in the Brazilian territory, there is a growing demand for their population control and monitoring of their potential as source of diseases to domestic animals and humans. In this sense, the objective of this work was to determine the presence of parasites wild pigs captured in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. External inspection, necropsy and coproparasitological analyzes were carried out in 26 animals, including the analysis of feces by centrifugal-flotation, simple sedimentation and McMaster (OPG), as well as identification of endo and ectoparasites. The external inspection identified two ectoparasites (Rhipicephalus microplus and Haematopinus sp.) in 26.9% (7/26) of the captured animals. From the necropsy, two endoparasites (Strobilocerco of Taenia hydatigena and Macracanthorhynchus sp.) were identified in 19.2% (5/26) of the animals. Of the fecal samples analyzed, 57.7% (16/26) were positive in the coproparasitological analyses. The results obtained suggest that wild pigs act as reservoirs of parasites relevant to animal and human health. These findings reinforce the importance of wild pigs’ population control in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, along with their sanitary monitoring.

The response of second crop corn to nitrogen application was evaluated at different stages of development. The experiment was conducted on the São Carlos farm in Vilhena – Rondônia/Brazil. The factors under study included the splitting of N associated with the application of coated urea with NBPT (45-00-00) in top dressing. The control group (witness) showed the highest productivity among all treatments, with 7962 kg ha-1, followed by V3+V7 (7895 kg ha-1) and V4+V8 (7821 kg ha-1). The lowest productivity was 6630 kg ha-1 in V5+V9, indicating that the later the urea application in defining the productive potential of the crop (V4), the lower the yields achieved.

The fragmentation of howler monkeys (Alouatta) habitat to make room for the urban environment, allows the spread of zoonotic diseases. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of helminth eggs in the feces of Alouatta guariba clamitans in 2 biological reserves located in Porto Alegre - RS. Lami and São Pedro, respectively, presented eggs of gastrointestinal parasites of the superfamilies Strongyloidea; Oxyuroidea, Trichuroidea and Rhabdiasoidea. The results demonstrate that in the more fragmented habitat there is a greater risk of parasitic infection together with multiparasitism, since the samples from the Lami neighborhood showed greater variability of parasites.

The research aimed to evaluate the perception of elementary school II students about the well-being of pets in state public schools in the city of Manaus - AM. A questionnaire was applied to students in two state schools. A total of 223 students were approached, where 70.85% have pets in their home, being dogs, cats or even other species. Most of the interviewees acquired the animals as a gift or bought. They know that animals transmit diseases, but they do not take them to the veterinarian and do not vaccinate periodically. Therefore, the interviewees showed that they have basic information about the well-being of pets, but more work on handling domestic animals still needs to be done.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the productive, nutritional and bromatological responses throughout the year of the main pastures established in dairy farms in SC. Sample collections took place in 25 properties located in 8 physiographic regions in the years 2018 and 2019. The giant missionary had the highest average productions occurred in the summer and of tifton 85 pastures occurred in the autumn, winter and spring due to the effect of overseeding with oats and ryegrass. The bromatological composition and nutrient composition differed between the pastures in winter, with tifton being oversown with oats and ryegrass with better nutritional value.

The research aimed to evaluate the perception of elementary school II students about the well-being of pets in state public schools in the city of Manaus - AM. A questionnaire was applied to students in two state schools. A total of 223 students were approached, where 70.85% have pets in their home, being dogs, cats or even other species. Most of the interviewees acquired the animals as a gift or bought. They know that animals transmit diseases, but they do not take them to the veterinarian and do not vaccinate periodically. Therefore, the interviewees showed that they have basic information about the well-being of pets, but more work on handling domestic animals still needs to be done.

The objective was to evaluate the effects of different harvest times and storage periods on the physiological quality of amaranth seeds of the cultivar BRS Alegria. The quality of the seeds was evaluated in three moments of harvest, with intervals of 20 days and the period of storage, in four moments, at the moment of the harvest and other three evaluations in intervals of 30 days, in addition to evaluations of the isoenzymatic expression after two years of seed storage in a cold chamber. Variations in the physiological quality of amaranth seeds were observed at different harvest times and storage periods. Noting an important reduction in the physiological quality of the seeds when stored for 90 days.

The monitoring of phenological stages of date palm and air temperature in Biskra, which is a potential date palm cultivation region in Algeria, during the years 2018 and 2019, has recorded a temporal advancement of the phenological cycle of this plant. This advancement has influenced the dates of harvest, which have become earlier. For their part, the thermal accumulations recorded during the fruiting of the date palm, have experienced an upward trend; they are 3689 to 5141°C, for a base temperature of 10°C. These accumulations are higher, if 7°C is considered as vegetation zero (5170-6835°C). In contrast, the flowering zero recorded in the study area is around 13°C.

The 3rd planting season, or irrigated or winter bean, appeared in the early 1980s. Small bean production at that time already existed, but took off with the emergence of large irrigation systems called central pivot, capable of irrigating areas of 120 ha with a 360 degree turn in just 24 h. Due to the milder climate planting season, irrigation and better management, the yields obtained exceed 2000 kg ha-1, substantially higher than the yields of other planting seasons. This article also presents some factors that result in high yields for the crop.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of enzymes on consumption, digestion of dry matter and blood nutrients and metabolites. Sixteen lambs with an average age and weight of 3 months and 19.00 kg, respectively, were used. Treatments consist of the use of amylolytic, proteolytic and fibrolytic enzymes. A completely randomized design was used. No differences (P>0.05) were found for intake and digestion of dry matter and nutrients. There was a statistical difference (P<0.05) for the urea variable, where treatment Amaize® and Amaize® + Fibrozyme® were thought to be superior to the others. It can be concluded that the inclusion of amylolytic enzymes associated with proteolytic enzymes does not cause any effects to the animals, and deleterious effects can be added to the feed of lambs.

The objective was to analyze the effect of the type of semen, conventional and sexed, on the in vitro production of embryos. A total of 1,285 oocytes and 1,155 oocytes with sexed semen were matured and fertilized with conventional semen, obtaining 1,167 (90.55%) and 1,051 (90.68%) zygotes in fertilization with conventional and sexed semen, respectively (P=0.8411). In in vitro culture, embryo cleavage was evaluated in 769 (67.42%) of zygotes from conventional semen and 540 (55.12%) from zygotes from sexed semen (P=0.8411). There was no statistical difference in both analyzed variables. On day 7, the number of viable embryos produced was evaluated, being 428 (53.55%) conventional embryos and 138 (30.64%) viable embryos from sexed semen (P=0.0001). There was a significant difference, therefore, it obtained better embryonic conversion with conventional semen in relation to sexed semen of Nelore bulls.

Evaluation of the association of 8-hydroxyquinoline with commercial fungicides against phytopathogenic fungi where it was possible to verify the synergism between the compounds and the antifungal, which led to in vivo tests using rice seeds. The association of 0.5 g/L of mancozeb and 0.031 g/L of 8-hydroxyquinoline, concentration 4 and 8 times lower than the one usually used, respectively, was promising. The test of leukocyte cytotoxicity and dermal toxicity was carried out, showing, in view of all the tests performed, a potential selective agent against variations of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium meridionale in rice seeds.

The objective of this work was to evaluate sward structural characteristics, yield potential and forage nutritional quality in Megathyrsus maximus cultivars managed under pre-defined defoliation intensities in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was carried out in the agricultural area of the Instituto Federal de Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul – Campus Sertão, RS. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with two treatments (Kenya and Aruana cultivars) and four replications. Structural, productive and bromatological characteristics were evaluated. General characteristics of productive and structural potential during the experimental period were higher for cv. Kenya. There were interaction effects for the variables of dry matter content (DM) Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) for the respective Kenya cultivar with lower content for cv. Aruana. The implantation of cultivars makes it possible to estimate the positive, significant impact on Livestock Production Units, if forage plants are incorporated into animal production systems in the Northeast of the State of Rio Grande do Sul.

Knowledge about hygiene in the food industry is essential to the handler, because it can lead to serious damage to the consumer, and with the COVID-19 pandemic it has become even more indispensable. Therefore, this project sought to teach through an online course the importance of hygiene in the food sector, also considering the new measures stipulated on COVID-19. As a result, more than 70% of the participants showed they understood the information provided, obtaining a score of 7 or higher on the final exam. In addition, more than 60% qualified the course with the highest score. It was also possible to perceive that the virtual media is a new way to disseminate knowledge to the population.

Free-ranging equines have a species-specific behavioral pattern, however with urbanization and rural exodus, the need to keep these animals confined close to humans arose. The habit of keeping them imprisoned is harmful to their well-being, generating the possibility of developing behavioral changes called stereotypies. In addition to devaluing the animal, these behaviors bring harm to health. It is known that environmental enrichment and changes in the management of stabled horses, in some cases, are not enough to provide the interruption of stereotypies when already established by the animals. In this way, the use of homeopathy can be an alternative as a form of treatment for animals with obsessive compulsive behavioral disorders. For the treatment, it is necessary to assess the individuality of each animal, in this way the exact medication that is compatible with the specific signs is prescribed, so that the results are satisfactory.

The objective was to evaluate food digestibility, dry matter intake, ingestive behavior and metabolic profile of ewes fed with extruded roughage instead silage. Twenty animals were used, with an average 54.5kg. The treatments consisted: 80%F:20%S; 60%F:40%S; 40%F:60%S; 20%F:80%S; and 100%S. Food, leavings, feces, urine, ingestive behavior and blood metabolites were evaluated. The variables DMI%BW and DMI(BW0.75) showed a negative linear response. There was positive linear response for RUM and CHEWING, negative linear response for IDLENESS, ERUM, EING and ECHEW and quadratic response for ING. Uric acid showed a statistical difference between treatments. It is concluded that the replacement corn silage by Foragge® extruded roughage can be done in up to 80%.

The objective was to evaluate the response of lettuce seedlings to foliar application of different sources and doses of zinc. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, and the design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (3 x 5), consisting of 3 sources with 5 doses each: Zn sulfate (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g Zn ha-1), Zn oxide (0, 187, 375, 562 and 750 g Zn ha-1) and Zn chelate (0; 36.25; 72,50; 108,40; and 145 g Zn ha-1), with 4 repetitions. The highest levels of foliar Zn were obtained at doses of 200, 562 and 72,50 g Zn ha-1, from sulfate, oxide and chelate sources, respectively.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) comes from the Asian continent. Culture is of enormous importance to the Brazilian economy, being explored throughout the country, with the Southeast, Northeast and South as the largest production centers today. With the growing population, it has been increasingly sought to increase productivity and profitability with the cultivation of sugarcane with the help of agricultural and managerial techniques. Plant productivity is related to photosynthetic efficiency. One of the factors linked to this efficiency is the chlorophyll content, due to its direct connection with the absorption and transfer of light energy. However, the concentration of chlorophylls can be influenced by fertility and fertilization. The objective of this work was to compare the use of chlorophyll meter (Minolta SPAD® 502 and Falker ClorofiLOG® 17 1030) and spectrophotometer for chlorophyll determination in sugarcane fertilized with organominerals and industrial sewage sludge. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, with five replications per treatment. The characteristics evaluated were: Cla (chlorophyll a), Clb (chlorophyll b), Car (carotenoids), Clt (total chlorophylls), Cla/Clb (ratio between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b). All equipment used showed similar responses in terms of chlorophyll concentration in response to fertilization. It was found that, regardless of the treatments, the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments did not vary.

The spatial arrangements of soybean plants appear as important variables, as adjustments to the spacing between the lines, as well as plant densities, can result in significant productivity gains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of soybean in different spacing arrangements. No significant statistical difference was observed for the productivity variable, however, the economic analysis showed productivity gains (4.51sacks/ha -1) a gain of 7.2% R$/ha -1. Although this value does not represent a statistically significant value, for the rural producer it means a considerable monetary result, since for large properties this value increases gradually.

In humans, C. burnetii infection is known as Q fever, in animals the term coxiellosis is considered more appropriate than animal Q fever. This is a worldwide distribution zoonosis caused by a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium of the order Legionellales, which has been classified as a potential bioterrorism agent. Cattle and small ruminants represent the most frequent sources of infection in humans, with inhalation of contaminated aerosols from infected animal products being the main form of transmission. The present study aims to perform a literature review on coxiellosis, evidence of C. burnetii circulating in animals and humans in Brazil and its close relationship to public health, due to its zoonotic nature, in addition to its economic importance for national livestock.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the productivity, botanical composition and nutritional value of tifton 85 subjected to different overseeds and fertilization. The experimental design was the RBD in a 3x3 factorial scheme, with 4 replications. The factors evaluated were overseeded forage species (exclusive tifton and overseeded with single black oat and intercropped with ryegrass) and fertilization (absence and presence of chemical fertilization or poultry litter). The establishment of black oat and ryegrass by overseeding with the use of chemical fertilization in tifton 85 promoted an increase in the production of forage DM to animals in grazing, with higher content of CP and IVDM and lower NDF.

The effect of this plant study was determined by the application of different nutrient solutions and increasing doses of dry mass and pots potential on aerial production of corn plants grown in a sample content of a Red-Yellow Latosol in pots under greenhouse conditions. The treatments consist of three nutrient solutions, the treatments of additional doses (K) and a solution that received neither nutrient nor K application. The root quadratic model is the most suitable among the results to describe a dry mass production of corn plants as a function of the K dose.

Neural Therapy is a treatment specialty, which has its principles in the application of local anesthetics in small concentrations in strategic locations, defined according to the patient's life history, triggering a process of self-healing of the body. Papillomatosis is an viral disease, related to host immunosuppression, and the main clinical manifestation in dogs is the oral form. Auto-hemotherapy appears as a treatment option, and blood may also be injected into acupuncture points, a technique called hemopuncture, seeking an immunostimulating organic effect. This work aims to report a case of canine oral papillomatosis successfully treated through the combination of Neural Therapy associated with auto-hemotherapy and hemopuncture.

Intervention dogs in prison units are fundamental in helping operations that demand action in situations of stress and controlled force with the prison population. The prison system is an area where the dog can be used the most, whether for intervention, scent, searching and operations to inhibit drug trafficking. This mission is performed by the canine technician and his dogs. Dogs are distinguished by racial types, temperament and learning characteristics, which make them excellent working partners. This article contributes with the description of specifications for the use of the dog in the prison system of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, regarding the regulation and the legal foundation, the profile of the operational dog, the training, the security of the dog-police binomial in routine tasks, with the dog playing a supporting role in tactical employment and the talent of the canine technician who leads him on a leash.

The objective was to evaluate levels of inclusion not yet tested of moringa leaf flour in the diet of Nile tilapia juveniles, under economic analysis. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four levels of inclusion of moringa leaf meal (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) and five repetitions, with 15 fish with an initial weight of 13.31 ± 0.74 in a 100-liter aquarium as an experimental unit, lasting 30 days. It was observed that the inclusion of this bran in the diet is not feasible, because as this ingredient was included, the feed increased and the profit decreased through the activity.

Because microalgae contain a wide variety of chemical and bioactive components that can be used to feed animals, especially aquaculture species, the present study aimed to evaluate the growth, bioactive compounds and chemical composition of the marine microalga Dunaliella salina in two batch cultures: autotrophic (saline) or mixotrophic (Conway). Thus, growth curve, cell diameter, growth rate (k), productivity (mg/L/day), maximum cell density (MCD), and chemical composition were evaluated through the macro and micronutrients and bioactive compounds. The D. salina in mixotrophic Conway medium had an earlier exponential phase and higher MCD (23,500 cells/ml), productivity, and growth rate (P < 0.05) than autotrophic saline medium (18,200 cells/ml), although the cell diameter of D. salina was greater (P < 0.05) in autotrophic (25.5 μm ± 2.65) than in mixotrophic medium (21.25 μm ± 1.26). The biomass of D. salina in mixotrophic medium obtained greater values (P < 0.05) of protein (60.43%), nitrogen (9.67 mg/g), and chlorophyll a (60.60 mg/L), whereas autotrophic medium provided greater values of lipids (6.93%), sugars (8.09%), gross energy (3955 kcal/kg), phosphorus (8.40 mg/g), potassium (128.66 mg/g), magnesium (29.23 mg/g), zinc (8.23 mg/g), total carotenoids (34.73 mg/L), vitamin C (87 mg/100g), total polyphenols (81.00 mg/100 g), anthocyanins (30 mg/kg), and yellow flavonoids (45.30 mg/100g). The use of the autotrophic saline medium for the D. salina microalgae was a viable alternative to the mixotrophic Conway medium. Due to its nutritional value and bioactive compound profile, D. salina microalgae biomass can be destined to animal and human nutrition.

The light directly affects the phytosanitary processes of plants, variations in plant length conditions and conditions directly affecting the production of environmental conditions and variations as well as pigments. In this study, this study aims to evaluate the changes that occur in the gas exchange process and in the production of metabolites in Talisia esculenta seedlings, through the use of colored shading screens. The seeds of T. esculenta were used, which were used in an alternative way, which were sown replacement in substrate (vermiculite: polypropylene), molded to the following treatments in the blue mesh, which were replaced by black and white treatments, which constituted the following treatments. The design was completely randomized with three of six seeds each, totaling eighteen seeds for treatment. After 180 days, plants already defined, the levels of pigments and phenolic compounds were defined. The results of increased energy and protection of wave modulation settings by secondary shadow networks of energy reserves and photoinhibition protection from secondary photoinhibition. Plants are white Talisia esculenta, similar to more identical interpretation shading, such as starch grains and also higher chlorophyll contents. The construction mesh provides the best development of Talisia esculenta (A. St. Hil) Radlk plants.

The allelopathic effect of coffee roasting residue on the germination and development of seedlings of corn, soybean and cowpea was evaluated. The physiological quality of seeds and seedlings was determined by means of the germination test, first germination count, germination speed index, mean germination time, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry mass and the ratio of shoot dry mass and root dry mass. The use of coffee residue inhibited germination and reduced the germination speed and dry mass accumulation of the seedlings of the three evaluated species.

Dairy farming is one of the most important economic and social activities of Brazilian agribusiness, allthough the results of the primary activity of dairy production are not very expressive. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate zootechnical and economic indicators of dairy farms in Goiás, and emphasize its relevance as a management tool for farmers. All properties had positive GM and NM, and 83% had profit. The stocking rate was 3.47 head/ha. In conclusion, the importance of use both, zootechnical and economic indicators as a management and decision-making tool, as well as the relevance of technical and managerial assistance to dairy farmes.

The objective was to evaluate effects of extruded soybean hulls as replacement for corn silage. Twenty animals with an average weight of 57.00kg were used. The treatments consisted different levels inclusion the extruded roughage to replace the silage. A completely randomized design was used. There was negative linear response for dry matter intake, weight of feces in dry matter, efficiency ingestion, chewing and rumination and urea. Dry matter digestibility showed a quadratic response. The time spent in chewing and rumination increased with the addition of corn silage. The replacement of corn silage by extruded roughage can be performed in up to 80% without causing any deleterious effects to adult sheep.

The fish farming activity is growing rapidly, requiring good water and abundant in well-designed ponds. This research is to verify the construction of fishponds and to compare with established technical standards, as well as the quality of existing water in them .The present study was conducted in fishponds located in the city of Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre state, Brazil. We proceeded initially visual assessment of the ponds and property of fish, and were selected twenty (20) tanks randomly, and they were divided as follows: Vila Assis Brazil (three tanks), Vila Santa Rosa (four tanks), Vila São Pedro (three tanks), Miritizal (four tanks), BR 364 (six tanks), thus totaling the overall total of twenty tanks. Was also carried out water analysis in situ and collected water, put in jars plastics, for subsequent laboratory analysis of nitrogenous compounds. The literature review was used to compare the infrastructure of tanks observed in the field with the description of the observed infrastructure in literature aquiculture. The results showed that the ponds were outside the building standards and values were variable in relation to water quality. Therefore, it is concluded that there was not adequate planning for the construction of the tanks, thus influencing the water quality parameters.

Hyponeuma taltula, commonly known as the hairy borer, deserves to be highlighted due to its high potential for destruction, as well as the very little amount of ecological and entomological information and the lack of efficient control management so far.

The effect of concentrate supplementation on pregnancy and dry matter intake of ewes was evaluated. 41 animals were used, with 64.18 kg of average weight, distributed in a completely randomized design with repeated measures over time. The treatments consisted of two levels of concentrate. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were performed at 5% of significance. There was an increase in consumption and body weight throughout the period. There was an effect of supplementation on placental weight, being superior in the treatment with 400g, and in multiple deliveries. Supplementation of pregnant ewes in the prepartum period improved BCS as well as birth weight of the lambs.

In the quality analysis, alternatives for seed imaging are a quick response to something challenging and laborious. However, machine learning techniques emerge as an alternative for prediction and classification by image processing, with efficiency and speed of results under control of quality at the post-seed harvest stages. The objective was to report the insertion of image processing with artificial intelligence in the seed area. Various machine learning models are purposes of the investigation to improve the responses of laborious and data-intensive targets. Deep learning studies in seeds offer promising results and have great potential.

In Algerian Saharan, oases are characterized by the fragility of the ecosystem and degradation of microclimate, which covers most of the Algerian oasis, where the climate change is adversely affecting the society of the developing countries because their livelihoods rely mainly on climate-dependent activities, whether agricultural or economic. Zelfana is one of the thirteen oases that encompass the region of Ghardaia (Algerian Sahara); it is part of the territory of the Châamba. This oasis characterized for the past two decades by phoenicicole farms knows strong socio-economic and cultural mutations that have strongly influenced the agricultural sector for several decades. The main purpose of the paper aims to understand this diversity and define the characteristics of the farms, which rely on a structural typology for Treatment data by MAC - Multiple Correspondence Analysis under SPSS. After that, we determine the number of classes corresponding to the types of agricultural farms. Based on the most discriminating variables, we cleared the characteristics of each farm type. From this study, we determined the more discriminating variables include the professional identity of the farmer, the importance of farms, seniority, location, size of the farm, and the dominant culture. Clustering indicates five types of farms, namely: ancient irrigated farms (small gardens and Palm grove (CAPER)), the improved farms, small new farms, and at last the medium and large farms.

The use of fish farming residues in cultivated fields is currently well seen in the sustainable environmental parameters of agricultural production. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of solid waste from fishponds and their interactions with NPK and limestone in the production of carrots and cowpea in succession. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, with four replications and fourteen treatments, being carried out in the field on a Dystrophic Yellow Latosol. The addition of solid residues from a fishpond increased the production of tuberous carrot root as a function of doses and combinations of residues and levels of mineral supplementation. The greatest effects of residues were in relation to yield, size and tuberous root diameter.

The present study aimed to identify and quantify, in an exploratory way, the visual aspects and defects found in the Brazilian pine seeds, in addition to testing the flotation method for the separation of healthy seeds. Many of the samples (26,5%) were damaged by the drill, however, 69% of them with no external signs, making separation only based on the external aspect very difficult. In the case of cooked seeds this is even more complicated considering the color change. Other seeds with greenish, pinkish, plastered and white/cream embryos were found. The most attacked seeds were those that floated, followed by those that remained in balance and, to a lesser extent, those that sank.

Non-human primates can be reservoirs and carriers of diseases transmitted to humans. The objective of this work was to carry out a systematic bibliographical review on parasitosis with zoonotic potential that affect the genus Alouatta. In the period 2010-2021 the genders were registered: Ascaris, Ancylostoma, Bertiella, Strongyloides, Oesophagostomum, Trichostrongylus and Trichuris, and Bertiella sp. was the zoonotic parasite with the most reports. The southeast region had the greatest diversity of helminths, with six of the seven (6/7) genera of helminths with zoonotic potential, in Alouatta. Knowledge of the epidemiology and biological cycle can contribute to the prevention of parasitic zoonoses transmitted by contact between non-human primates and humans.

Hydroponics is an alternative cultivation technique in a protected environment, in which the soil is replaced by a nutrient solution, which contains all the essential nutrients for plant development. This study aimed to evaluate the production of rocket (Eruca sativa L.) under different nutrient solution systems in a passive hydroponic system with static solution under the conditions of Boa Vista-RR. The work was conducted under a protected environment on the Campus Murupu of the Agrotechnical School of the Federal University of Roraima - EAGRO / UFRR. The experimental design used was a randomized block with 4 treatments (I - 25%, II - 50%, III-75%, IV - 100%) and 5 replications, totaling 80 experimental plots. How to sacrifice 100% and 75% with nutrient solution were more efficient in the cultivation of rocket of the Roka variety in a protected environment.

Dogs have about 200 millions olfactory receptors in their nose, making their sense of smell about 40 times that of humans. This allows them to sniff out everything, bombs, drugs, human bodies and even diseases. The objective of this work is to describe relevant aspects of dogs that work with the search for cadavers and human remains. This skill is the combination of high endurance, concentration, obedience and the dexterity of their noses. The case of the search for a murdered individual is reported, in which the work of a binominal was requested to assist in the discovery of this body. The occurence led to discovery of the remains of the missing person and the closure of the case.

The domestic dog is differentiated over generations by breeds that perform different asks, in addition to the primordial one as a companion animal. Some reeds lend themselves well to specific work activities within the police, civil and military fields and recognized as a vital part of the law enforcement. Police dog is already used as a type of force, determined by the public administration and in the interest of the community, based on legal parameters in brazilian legislation. The objectives of this work are to present the dog as the agent that practices the differentiated use of force by Police corporations, the legislation pertaining to corporations and the use of dog, and its historical trajectory as a companion and a factor of human beings though out history.

Winged bean has a dormancy that is not yet fully clarified during the germination phase. In this sense, the present study sought to evidence germination responses of the species under controlled conditions using 4 types of light (white 80 nm, blue 160 nm, yellow 320 nm and red 460 nm) x 2 substrates (washed sand and plantimax®) with 4 repetitions and 25 seeds. The IVG of wing beans showed better behavior in sand, being 12.8% higher than in the substrate. The root length after 16 days showed better size under the influence of red light, both in sand and in plantimax in the order of 5.72 cm and 6.82 cm, respectively.

The Chlorella genus has biotechnological potential and is suitable for high biomass production because of its large-scale cultivation technology. In order to define the conditions that best favor its development aiming to optimize crops for greater algal growth, this research aims to verify whether cell growth is different due to different concentrations of the macrophyte extract Victoria amazonica, enriched with NPK inorganic and under different temperatures. It was concluded that, the aquatic macrophyte substrate was efficient for cultivation, representing a low cost means for the production and maintenance of the cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the progress of whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B infestation during the crops of 2015, 2016 and 2017, to identify between crops studied in which they increased or decreased infestation and in which month the infestation was more representative, to identify among the cultivars which one or which are most susceptible to the attack and to map the areas of incidence of the whitefly. The research to obtain the data was carried out in the municipality of Paragominas and the data were obtained from Defense Agency of the State of Pará according to the methodology based on a model predefined by the agency. Climatic data on rainfall (mm) for crops were obtained through a database of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation meteorological station. For statistical analysis of data, a database was built into Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. Data were analyzed through regression analysis and compared by the Tukey and Scott & Knott test. For the preparation of the whitefly infestation maps, the Spatial Analyst extension in the ArcGIS 10.1 software was used. In the studied area, the month of April is the one with the highest incidence of the pest, the crop of 2017 presented greater infestation, the cultivar P99R03 RR was the most susceptible to the attack of whitefly, and the cultivars P98Y51 RR and FT PGM, were more resistant to whitefly (B. tabaci) biotype B than the other cultivars.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the infestation of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B in 19 soybean cultivars in the Paragominas grain pole, 2017/18 crop year. The cultivars selected for planting are based on those normally planted in the Paragominas grain complex and research institutions. The sampling of the incidence of B. tabaci biotype B started on the 7th day after plant emergence (DAE), and the number of eggs, nymphs and adults was recorded weekly, that is, 10 small leaves of the plant evaluated in each plot, until the end of the crop cycle. The number of eggs and nymphs of B. tabaci type B was recorded in the laboratory with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope and adults made in loco. The values obtained were transformed into (x + 0.5)1/2, for normalization of these and submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) by the F test (Fisher). Tukey at 5% probability. The cultivar M 8644 IPRO showed the lowest infestation of eggs of B. tabaci and RK 6813RR was the most infested; for nymphs, the highest infestation was observed in cultivar RK 6813RR while in BRS 9383 IPRO there was less infestation; the highest number of whitefly adults was observed in the cultivar P 99R03, and M 8808 had the lowest average of adult insects and the period of highest incidence of whitefly was in the egg stage, in the first seven days after emergence (DAE); the period of 7 DAE was the most infested by adults and whitefly eggs; 35 and 42 DAE more infested by pest nymphs; meteorological factors mean temperature, rainfall and relative humidity do not showed influence on whitefly infestation, and relative humidity explained only 35.59% for incidence of eggs in soybean and the occurrence of adults explained 81% for the same parameter (eggs).

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. In the Central-West region of Brazil, there wheat cultivation has increased greatly; however, diseases such as tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) are a concern. Silicon is known to act on the plant's defense process; therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of silicon associated with fungicides in reducing the severity of wheat tan spot in the State of Goiás. The experiment was carried out in the field, with two wheat cultivars and two plots, where one received four applications of silicon + fungicides and the other only fungicide. The severity was evaluated through a scale of points that varied between 1 (small spots) and 5 (large necrotic and chlorotic areas coalescing) and the hectoliter weight was calculated. Based on the experiment, it was observed that the silicon associated with fungicides reduced the severity of the tan spot in both cultivars and also resulted in higher grain quality. It was concluded that the application of silicon reduces the severity of tan spot in wheat, indicating the effect of the micronutrient as an inducer of resistance in plants under the conditions of the Goiás Cerrado.

Currently, there is a debate among feline clinicians about the efficacy and safety of modified live virus vaccination in cats infected with retroviruses: feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). In clinical routine, the serological status of all patients with regard to feline retroviruses should be known, which ends up not occurring due to financial reasons of the client or the non-referral of the test by the veterinarian. In practice, it is observed that FIV and FeLV positive cats are vaccinated with attenuated vaccines, without showing any clinical signs of immunosuppression or side effects. This work reviews cat vaccination against these retroviruses.

This study aimed to evaluate growth curves of broilers (pedres caipiria lineage) fed sorghum (40% replacement for corn) in a basal ration, in the rearing period from 1 to 70 days. Weight and average consumption accumulated over time were analyzed with the following regression functions: Gompertz and Logistic, on four different models for residual variance. The results showed that the logistic model (with exponential-type variance) had the lowest values for the AIC and BIC, in addition to fitting well to the data. The models that used the Gompertz function presented several problems related to the basic assumptions.

Uterine Torsion is a low casuistic condition in horses, which confers significant risk of life for pregnant mare and fetus. Occurring in the last gestational semester, the predisposing factors are not well defined, but the fetal and maternal characteristics stand out. Easily confused with Colic Syndrome due to similar clinical signs, an assertive assessment during transrectal palpation can differentiate and even define degrees of uterine torsion. Correctable by different techniques, the prognosis changes according to the variables in each case. The objective of this study is to report a clinical-surgical case of a mare that went through laparotomy surgery via the right flank to correct uterine torsion, at Hospital Veterinário Equicenter.

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligatory intracellular bacterium that causes equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA), that is characterized by fever, anorexia, depression, limb oedema. Hematological and serological alterations are important findings during the disease. We analyzed whole blood and serum from 37 horses and mules from three locations in Minas Gerais, Brazil, for total blood cell count, leucocytes, platelets, renal and hepatic profiles. Equids infected by A. phagocytophilum had differences in blood cell count and renal and hepatic profiles. As a zoonosis, the study of equine A. phagocytophilum infection in areas with high population density and in breeding farms, is important to understand the disease dynamics and avoid human cases of anaplasmosis.

This paper reports a case of congenital hydronephrosis and hydroureter in a dog. One canine was seen presenting difficulty in walking and abdominal enlargement. After treatment, there was no improvement. On reassessment, x-ray and ultrasound examinations revealed an unidentified increase in volume in the abdomen, and exploratory laparotomy was indicated. Unilateral congenital hydronephrosis was diagnosed in the left kidney and hydroureter with stenosis in the distal third and adherence to the left uterine horn, and an ovariosalpingohysterectomy was performed during the ureteronephrectomy. One month later, the patient presented decreased abdominal volume and locomotion without difficulties. Hydronephrosis and hydroureter are chronic changes that can cause irreversible organ damage.

The ductus arteriosus is an arterial shunt between the aorta and a pulmonary artery, physiological during fetal development, during this period it shunts away part of the blood circulation that would go to the lungs, which at that moment are still afunctional. After birth, there is a physiological closure of this duct, its non-occlusion is called persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is treated surgically. We report the clinical case of a female canine of the German dwarf spitz breed that was diagnosed with PDA in a routine pediatric pre-vaccination consultation. Doppler echocardiography was then performed with confirmation of PDA. Treatment consisted of surgical correction using the standard technique of ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus. The procedure was successful with the patient's recovery.

The yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener) crops have been gaining notoriety in Brazil, whose cultivation extends to almost all regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of yellow passion fruit seedlings in response to the interaction between substrate composition and irrigation water salinity levels. The experimental trial was installed in a randomized block design, with a factorial scheme (3x6) consisting of two factors: three levels of salinity and six types of substrates, distributed in four replications, each plot consisting of a polyethylene bag composed of two plants. The factor levels of salinity, electrical conductivity: 0.3, 1.2 and 2.1 dSm-1 did not influence the physiological growth and development of the seedlings, the substrates resulted in statistically significant effects, the cattle manure presented the highest percentage in levels of physiological growth and development of the plant.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive efficiency in feed conversion and weight gain of two groups of animals used in the region of the State of Minas Gerais. Thus, it was intended to demonstrate through descriptive analyzes, the best yield of beef production in relation to its maintenance in the farm in a semiconfinement breeding system, carried out. Two groups of animals were separated from different blood grades, the Nellore breed and the crossbred mestizos. For the analyzes, the comparisons before and after the semiconfinement were carried out, as well as annotations of warm carcass weight, weight gain on days of semiconfinement and economic evaluation. Within the criteria to characterize the best investment, nellore presented better carcass yield, less time to gain weight and higher economic income.

Animal Welfare (BEA) is a practice that is in great evidence today and that began to be applied in the 60s, through the dissemination of the book Animals Machines, by Ruth Harrison and formation of the Brambell committee, in the United Kingdom United. The purpose of the publication was to sensitize readers and the population to a less anthropocentric view of animal production, through the proclamation of proven information that animals of other species are sentient beings, and that domestication is a transformative attitude capable of modifying , intrinsically, its genome with direct result in the production chain. In livestock farming, raising dairy heifers is of great importance for world production and the country's economy, as it is the area of agribusiness that employs the most and grows in Brazil, and therefore, careful care in the first hours after birth and throughout the period of breastfeeding are essential for a healthy physical development of these animals, as well as an adequate behavioral response for the species with an excellent economic result.

Hemangiosarcoma is a malignant and aggressive tumor composed of pleomorphic endothelial cells filled with blood and solid cell agglomerations. This tumor has a larger sample in dogs, especially the elderly aged 8 to 13 years. The aim of this systematic review is to understand and evaluate therapeutic protocols for dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma. To this end, articles published from 2010 to 2020 were searched in the PubMed database, covering national and international publications. In total, 7 references were selected by the established criteria. The results of this literature review report that the clinical stage is strongly associated with the survival time of dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma. Chemotherapy treatment is effective in increasing survival time during the early stage of the disease follow-up period. Combinations of conventional protocols containing doxorubicin and metronomic protocols containing cyclophosphamide were performed to have the greatest efficacy, but prolongations in survival time were modest. Future research should target specific protocols for animals with specific comorbidities and so far no studies have been registered that distinguish a treatment for males and females with splenic hemangiosarcoma.

Despite the importance of micronutrients, studies of mineral nutrition management in seed production are scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the copper effect at different doses and application times on seed yield of BRS RB331 Ipyporã. For this experiment, two open-air pot trials were conducted at Embrapa Gado de Corte, in the 2016/17 crop. For both tests treatments were represented copper doses and application times. It was observed that the seed production of hybrid BRS RB331 Ipyporã was not affected by treatments with copper. Copper did not affect seed viability of the hybrid BRS RB331 Ipyporã.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of eggs of quails in different packages and storage periods, under refrigeration. 360 Japanese quail eggs were collected, using a completely randomized design, in a 3x10 factorial scheme (packages x periods), stored in cardboard, polystyrene and plastic packages, in different storage periods, with 12 replications. There was an increase in weight loss as the storage period was prolonged. For HU values, specific gravity, albumen height and albumen and yolk pH, interaction between packaging and storage periods was observed. Quail eggs under refrigeration, stored in cardboard, Styrofoam and plastic packaging, remain in excellent quality for up to 45 days.

With the increased production demand in the dairy industry comes the need to keep animals healthier, thus avoiding large economic losses due to low productivity. During the transition period, dairy cows are susceptible to the onset of infectious diseases and metabolic imbalances due to the big change in their diet, it could be poor in needed nutrients to maintain the animal's body score, with this, the dry matter intake decreases up to 40% while energy expenditure increases due to milk and colostrum production, getting into a negative energy balance state.

The purpose of this research project was to determine knowledge of the Rhipicephalus microplus tick among seventy cattle ranchers in the Caçapava do Sul and Lavras do Sul municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul State, through completing a structured questionnaire. The replies to the questions on the land areas covered by the properties show that 27%, 26%, 21.5%, 20% and 5.5% cover more than 500 hectares, between 150 and 300 hectares, between 300 and 500 hectares, between 50 and 150 hectares, and under 50 hectares, respectively; 75% of the ranchers are raising more than 100 head of cattle; 84.3% have cultivated grazing pastures and 15.7% have only native grasslands; 87.14% of the ranchers rated bovine babesiosis as the main tick-borne disease, and 76% checked out tick control products recommended by veterinarians. They mentioned 13 formulations and/or associations of tick control products. The tick control biogram test is a new tool for 58.6% of these cattle ranchers. Producers use late control, based on tick control chemicals.

Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is the term used to designate a group of chronic intestinal diseases, manifested by persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal signs. Known symptoms are vomiting, diarrhea, changes in appetite and weight loss. Treatment consists of a diet combined with antibiotic therapy and immunosuppressive drugs. It is currently known that changes in the microbiota profile can be used as way to prevent digestive disorders, since some probiotics offer benefits to patients with IBD, reducing symptoms and improving their immunity, however, can say that there is still no consensus regarding the recommendation of the use probiotics in inflammatory bowel diseases.

The aim of this work was to evaluate lemon-scented gum (Corymbia citriodora) extracts in inhibiting the in vitro growth of Xanthomonas spp. The treatments consisted of aqueous, infusion, alcoholic and boiling extracts, in addition to the control with antibiotics. The methodology used to assess the antagonism was the double layer diffusion. The extracts were tested at 50, 35 and 15% concentration. None of the extracts inhibited the growth of X. citri pv. glycines, only the antibiotic bacitracin. As for X. vesicatoria, it was observed that only the alcoholic extract of C. citriodora leaves inhibited its growth, with emphasis on the 35% alcoholic extract, in addition to the antibiotics streptomycin and bacitracin. The growth of X. campestris was inhibited by alcoholic and aqueous extracts, highlighted on 50% and 35% alcoholic and 50% aqueous extracts, as well as by streptomycin and penicillin. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of lemon-scented gum showed potential in the in vitro control of Xanthomonas and new studies will be carried out with new concentrations and in vivo control of diseases caused by these bacteria.

As neoplasias são condições cada vez mais comuns na clínica veterinária por estarem relacionadas à senilidade dos animais domésticos. Diante da necessidade de tratamentos complementares eficazes e menos danosos aos organismos dos animais oncológicos, a Terapia Neural surge como uma opção promissora associada ou não à quimioterapia convencional, devido à ação antitumoral comprovada da procaína. Este trabalho objetiva relatar o caso de uma fêmea canina portadora de três neoplasias malignas e de comorbidades, tratada com sucesso através da Terapia Neural. Ressalta-se que houve a promoção de qualidade de vida ao animal, visto que não apresentou sinais de metástase ou outras complicações.

The weeds if not properly controlled have great ability to settle in agricultural systems, affecting crop production. The objective of this work was to determine the interference and level of economic damage in different density of crop. The treatments were composed of canola hybrids (Hyola 50, Hyola 76, Hyola 433, Hyola 571 CL, Hyola 575 CL and Diamond) and twelve infestation turnip density in crop. The variables evaluated to estimate the competitiveness of the hybrids were plant density, leaf area, soil cover and dry mass of the turnip. Grain yield, canola price, herbicide efficiency, and control cost were used to determine the weed's level of economic damage on the crop. The canola hybrids Hyola 575 CL, Hyola 50, Hyola 76 and Hyola 571 CL are more competitive with turnip. The values of economic damage levels range from 2.86 to 5.95, 2.43 to 5.05, 2.22 to 5.43 and 2.99 to 6.22 turnip plants m-2 for hybrids Hyola 50, Hyola 76, Hyola 571 CL and Hyola 575 CL, respectively, as a function of simulated variables. The increased grain yield, canola price, herbicide efficiency and lower control costs reduce the level of economic damage, justifying the adoption of control.

Endothelial dysfunction in horses is associated with dystrophy or degeneration of corneal endothelial cells, clinically presented as a diffuse corneal edema unresponsive to conventional treatments. The main causes of such injury are trauma, ulcerative keratitis, recurrent uveitis, anterior lens dislocation and glaucoma. This paper aims to report a case of endothelial dysfunction in a mare, diagnosed with endothelial dysfunction after uveitis, glaucoma and indolent corneal ulcer. For correction, a superficial lamellar keratectomy followed by permanent conjunctival graft, described as a Gundersen flap, was performed. After intensive eye care, he returned to his athletic functions, maintained corneal and visual axis transparency and ocular reflexes.

For the control of S. frugiperda, it is necessary to test methods, especially biological ones. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of diatomaceous earth under the control of S. frugiperda in the laboratory. Four treatments were performed with 5 repetitions: control (T1); zeta-cypermethrin (T2); bifenthrin and methomyl-novaluron (T3); diatomaceous earth (T4). Caterpillar mortality was evaluated at 3 times after the application of treatments: 24, 48 and 72 hours. Treatments T2 and T3 were higher in mortality rates. The insecticidal action of diatomaceous earth is notorious, but there is a need for more studies on this theme.

Literature books can be a means of studying animals, the area is called zooliterature. The Heartland book series, by Lauren Brooke, shows a rehabilitation center for horses with emotional problems where therapies are used to find a cure for horses. Do the therapies used in fiction are real options for the equestrian sector? To answer this, a literature review was carried out to verify if there are scientific studies of medicinal plants, folk remedies, Bach flower remedies, aromatherapy and T-Touch® mentioned in the series. They can motivate research and practices for the mental health of animals, considering a critical and a scientific perspective.

The virus of contagious ecthyma (CEV), also known as orf virus (ORFV) is the etiological agent of contagious ecthyma (CE) in sheep and goat and belongs to the Parapoxvirus genus, family Poxviridae. In some cases, CE can be confused with vesicular diseases so there is need for differentiation especially because, according to the standards of the National Program for the Eradication of FMD (PNEFA), goats and sheep are not vaccinated against Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), acting as sentinel animals. Although initial studies have demonstrated the usefulness of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic test, there are no studies involving its use on Brazilian field samples, which may be genetically distinct from previously studied samples, as described in a study of restriction sites analysis of Brazilian CE samples. This work was conducted with the goal of standardizing a PCR (qPCR) test using SYBR Green I dye for molecular diagnosis of EC in DNA extracted from lesions of affected animal or cell culture inoculated in field samples. The products were detected with qPCR dissociation curve analysis which showed a peak at 88 ºC indicating that positive samples have only one specific amplification product. All DNA samples tested (29 animals crusts and their cell cultures) were positive in the qPCR. The qPCR was able to detect the DNA of at least 10,000 times dilution corresponding to 0.056 ng of DNA. It is believed that with the additional qPCR validations reported in this study, it can be used for differential diagnosis in the health surveillance of PNEFA.

The intravaginal progesterone device is the most expensive of the estrus synchronization protocol, which may make it impossible for the producer to access this biotechnology. The aim of the present study was to compare the pregnancy rate between implants with new devices and fourth use in two farms in Amazonas. Data were acquired through the MultBovinos® program. The results show a pregnancy rate of 56.06% for new devices and 67.14% for fourth use on Farm 01 and 67.09% for new devices and 70.97% for fourth use on Farm 02. Therefore, the reuse of 1.9 g progesterone intravaginal implants obtained better pregnancy rate results when compared to the first use.

This study evaluated the distribution and possible variations of the coronary arteries and the presence of myocardial bridges in dairy cattle from Northeastern Brazil. Thus, healthy hearts were analyzed according to many variables. Left coronary artery originate the rami paraconalis, circumflexus et subsinuosus. Ramus subsinuosus and right coronary artery showed a short subepicardial path. Lengths of the main branches showed statistical differences only in relation to age group and weight of the animal. Myocardial bridges had a prevalence of 55% and were more frequent over the ramus paraconalis. Veterinary medicine is able to provide experimental models to expand the necessary study to understand pathophysiology and clinical relevance of the bridges.

The control of the infection in endemic regions is performed with vaccines, however there are limitations in the vaccine production due to the difficulties in replicating the virus in cell cultures. This work was conducted so as to isolate and evaluate the behavior of ECV samples in fetal goat cell line cornea (CorFC) naturally immortalized. Crust samples from 22 sheep and seven goats presenting the clinical symptoms of EC from the states of Pernambuco, Bahia, Sergipe and Paraíba, were inoculated in CorFC monolayers and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers for amplification of a fragment of235 bp of gene B2L envelope ECV. Eleven samples were submitted to seven consecutive passes, at weekly intervals. Cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed in all passages, after24 hours post-infection, characterized by cell rounding, syncytial fusion with training, inclusion and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Thus, CorFC cell cultures proved highly permissible to ECV replication with small variation among viral samples. The PCR technique can be an efficient method used for confirmation of ECV infection in clinical samples.

The term Feline Atopic Syndrome has been used to describe allergic food and/or environmental hypersensitivity, excluding all parasitic causes. The most evident clinical sign in this disease is intense itching, generating cervicofacial abrasions and symmetrical alopecia self-induced by trauma. As no clinical sign of this syndrome is pathognosomenic, diagnosis is difficult and involves the exclusion of all pruriginous dermatological causes. The treatment of this disease represents a challenge for veterinarians, since its physiopathogeny has not yet been well elucidated and has so far been considered incurable. This review will address the available treatments.

The serigueleira is a fruit that is little explored commercially in several regions of Brazil, having little work regarding the feasibility of seedling production by cuttings with and without plant regulators. Due to this lack of technical information, the present work has as main objective to evaluate the rooting of herbaceous and woody cuttings of the serigueleira (Spondias purpurea L.) treated with indolbutyric acid (AIB). Herbaceous and woody cuttings were obtained from a matrix plant with approximately fifteen years of age, with 12 cm in length the cuttings were cut in bevel and then immersed in a commercial fungicide solution of 0.2%. The cuttings were treated with AIB in the form of talc, 0, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5%, planted in beds containing vermiculite, rice straw and construction sand. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications, each plot consisting of 10 cuttings. Cuttings were evaluated over 90 days, recording the following parameters: percentage of rooted cuttings, percentage of live cuttings and calluses, number of cuttings with buds, average length of the largest root and number of roots. Among the results obtained, the best concentration was 3% of 5% IBA in the rooting of herbaceous cuttings (17,25% in 17,75%) and 5% of IBA in the rooting of woody cuttings (22,25% e 22,55%). Herbaceous cuttings showed higher percentages of cuttings with calluses when compared to woody cuttings.

The effect of Trichoderma harzianum and T. longibrachiatum in promoting plant growth was studied in acacia, alder, cypress, and eucalyptus. As variables associated with the growth and development of forest plants, the height, stem and root length, number of leaves and roots and fresh weight of the plants were evaluated. The two Trichoderma species used had a positive effect, improving most of the variables evaluated in all the forest species studied, demonstrating that this genus of fungi is a good alternative as plant growth promoters.

This study aimed to compare 5 feed processing for O. niloticus fingerlings: ME1: micro-extruded 1 mm; ED03: extruded and disintegrated 0.3 mm; ED06: extruded and disintegrated 0.6 mm; BF03: bran 0.3 mm and BF06: bran 0.6 mm. Feed conversion was lower in ME1 and ED06. The protein retention coefficient was statistically higher in ME1. The fish proximate composition did not differ among treatments. Although superior in ME1 weight gain did not differ statistically from ED06. ME1 resulted in nitrogen and phosphorus in water statistically lower. ME1, ED06 and BF06 obtained the highest partial net revenues. Thus, ME1 presented the best zootechnical indices, economic performance and reduced impact on water quality.

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the germination of lemon-scented gum (Corymbia citriodora) on different substrates. The following were tested: 1) commercial substrate, 2) sand, 3) sand + coconut fiber (2: 1), 4) coconut fiber, 5) substrate + coconut fiber (2: 1), 6) sand + substrate (2: 1) and the control treatment (germitest paper). Based on the experiment, it was observed that germination varied between 57 and 74%, although there was no significant difference between treatments. The treatments that led to a higher germination speed were the control (germitest paper), followed by the commercial substrate, coconut fiber, sand + substrate and substrate + fiber, with no significant difference, indicating that they are the best for the germination of C. citriodora seeds. The substrate based on coconut fiber is promising, as it can be considered an alternative and low-cost substrate.

Honey is a food produced by bees and is easy to adulterate. Honey is a food produced by bees and is easy to adulterate. The objective of this work was to evaluate physical-chemical parameters of honeys sold in the city of Manaus - AM. Where 28 samples of honey honeys with sting (AF) and without sting (ASF) were collected in commercial centers, which were subjected to analyzes of the main physicochemical parameters and colorimetric tests. During the evaluation of the physical-chemical parameters of the FA honeys were in compliance, while the ASF samples differed from the recommended standards, due to the characteristics common to the ASF. The need to adapt the standards for the inspection of fresh ASF honeys is emphasized in order to prevent the occurrence of adulterations or falsifications.

The quinoa downy mildew is one of the major diseases affecting quinoa in Ecuador. Considering the lack of standardized methods to quantify this disease on leaves, the aim of this study was to develop a standard area diagram to quantify the severity of the quinoa downy mildew. To standardize the assessment, we developed two sets of standard area diagrams. To validate the diagram, twelve raters estimated the severity of 50 scanned leaf images at different severity levels. The proposed diagram with linear increments provided good levels of accuracy and precision, constituting thus a useful tool in epidemiological studies and for the development of strategies to control the quinoa downy mildew.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the animal category, the cyclicity, the CIDR reuse, the body condition score (BCS), the inseminator and the bull on the fertility rates of bovine submitted to a FTAI protocol. It was observed that pluriparous demonstrated a higher fertility. The group With Corpus Luteum obtained a higher conception rate. The CIDR of 4th use reduced (P <0.05) the chance of conception. The chances of conception in cows of the Low BCS group were lower (P <0.05), than the cows with intermediate and high BCS. The inseminator and the bull exerted influence on the fertility. Therefore, all factors are important in FTAI programs.

The objective was to evaluate the nutritive value of plants and silage of seven genotypes of sorghum (Podium, Formoso, BRS-610, IPA-1011, IPA-467, SF-15 and SS-318). A RBD with three replications was used to evaluate nutritive value of the plants cultivated in the municipalities of Barreiras and Muquem do Sao Francisco/BA, Brazil, while a CRD with three replications was used to evaluate the nutritive value of the silages from the plants cultivated in Barreiras. Chemical composition of forage and silage varied according to the genotype. However, the most remarkable effects were on CP, NDF, ADF and IVDMD. The best sorghum genotypes in terms of nutritive value were Podium, IPA-1011 e BRS-610.

The objective of the work was to identify and describe the operational sanitary procedures (OSP) applied in the slaughterhouse of the Pantanal alligator, as well as the possible corrective actions for non-conformities that may be found during the process, in order to reduce or eliminate cross-contamination. Once the alligator slaughter production flowchart was known, it was possible to identify six control points: bleeding, skinning, evisceration, toilet, washing the carcasses and cooling. The OSP refers to a preventive program, as well as the other self-control programs, which must be executed based on preventive measures, thus avoiding possible non-conformities.

The study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of five brands of dulce de leche called A, B, C, D and E. The samples were collected in an establishment and taken to the Food Microbiology Laboratory. Aerobic mesophilic microorganisms, fungi, and yeasts, coagulase-positive staphylococcus (CPS) and enterobacteria were quantified. Temperature, pH and acidity were also determined. The results showed that the brands C, D and E are following the legislation. Regarding the physicochemical analysis were adequate. It is emphasized that there must be an inspection and the cleaning of utensils so that the food becomes safe in this way.

This research aimed to characterize the ATL epidemiological profile in the municipality of Almenara-MG, between the years 2016-2020. It is a descriptive and exploratory research, with bibliographic analysis and data sheets registered in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). For each year observed there was an increase in the disease, with men being more affected, and a higher prevalence in rural areas. The pharmaceutical sector does not give due attention to “neglected diseases” like ATL, because the victims are economically disadvantaged. Although there is a large research volume for the production of medicines such as ATL, most are done in public institutions, not guaranteeing that these drugs will be produced.

Facing the absence of transplacental transfer of immunoglobulins to the bovine newborn, the primary objective of this review was to address the colostrum relevance as an immunological source and care needed to perform an adequate colostrum intake. Aiming at the maximum absorption of maternal immunoglobulins, we highlight the maintenance of a colostrum bank in dairy farms, focusing in providing high quality colostrum, in adequate quantity and at the right time after birth. Also, the use of surplus colostrum and transition milk in the form of silage is discussed, being it a restricted nutritional alternative for dairy calves, compared to others, such as whole milk and milk replacers.

Congenital malformations, although representing only 1 to 2% of clinical veterinary care, become a challenge when they occur, in the etiological sense for a good therapeutic management of the patient. The feline species often has viral and parasitic infections that can cause malformations in embryonic life. The exploration of the feline patient's health profile that presents suspicion of congenital malformations is important to determine the best management and prognosis of the patient. Given the above, the objective of this work was to report the case of a feline with three congenital malformations. In the presented report, it is suggested the involvement of Feline Coronavirus and Toxoplasma gondii as etiologic agents involved in ocular malformations.

The objective of this work was to compare pre-treatments with hydrogen peroxide at 1 and 2% (v/v) and pH at 11.5 used in elephant-grass (EC), mulatto-grass (HD364) lignocellulosic biomass, bark of rice (CA) and leaves of the pineapple (AB) plant to estimate the production of second-generation ethanol (2G). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4x2 factorial scheme with four replicates per treatment. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed with the pretreated biomasses using Cellic/CTec2 enzyme. 7 ml of the hydrolyzed material and 0.14 g of non-isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast were used. After this dilution the material was taken to a styrofoam oven and measured at the temperature and volume of the gas produced at the time of 0,04; 0,08; 0,2; 0,63; 0,92; 1,19; 1,93; 2,19; 2,82; 3,15; 3,94 hours post-incubation. The results showed that the observed differences between the pretreatments influenced the yield in 2G ethanol differently between the biomasses, being the CE that presented the best yield, however, when evaluating the yield by the peroxide content within each biomass, both AB and EC showed no differences between pre-treatments. HD364 had better yield with 1% peroxide and CA with 2% peroxide.

The objective was to evaluate the production and post-harvest quality of fruit from grafted and non-grafted tomatoes. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments (Jiloeiro, Berinjeleira, Jurubeba, 'Intacto' rootstock and the witness the cherry tomato without grafting) and 16 replicates. In the evaluation of physical-chemical quality, the experiment followed a randomized block design in a 5x2 factorial scheme (rootstocks and storage temperatures, 10 ºC and room temperature) four replications. For a better productive contribution of the cherry tomato, the use of rootstocks from Jurubeba and Intacto is indicated, however, the use of a rootstock did not contribute to the durability and physicochemical characteristics of the fruit. When conditioned at 10 ºC, the fruits showed a better visual and physical-chemical aspect in relation to the ambient temperature, with increased durability of the product in all treatments.

Mastitis can be considered the main obstacle to Brazilian dairy productivity, resulting in further risks to public health, especially due to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials. Therefore, technologies that aim to contribute to the dynamization of the diagnosis and the consequent adoption of control, prevention and treatment measures are of high importance for the sector. In this sense, the present review addresses the concept of on-farm culturing (microbiological), arguing about its implementation, available methodologies, execution, results interpretation, as well as its contribution for the performance of selective dry cow therapy, and health monitoring of animals submitted to robotic milking systems. In conclusion, it is an affordable and efficient alternative for on-farm microbiological monitoring of mastitis.

Mastitis can be considered the main obstacle to Brazilian dairy productivity, resulting in further risks to public health, especially due to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials. Therefore, technologies that aim to contribute to the dynamization of the diagnosis and the consequent adoption of control, prevention and treatment measures are of high importance for the sector. In this sense, the present review addresses the concept of on-farm culturing (microbiological), arguing about its implementation, available methodologies, execution and results interpretation. In addition, the performance of selective dry cow therapy, and health monitoring of animals submitted to robotic milking systems is argued in view of on-farm culture routine. In conclusion, it is an efficient alternative for on-farm microbiological monitoring of mastitis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative methods to overcome dormancy in Leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) seeds. The seeds were collected from four different matrices and subsequently submitted to different treatments with mechanical scarification and immersion in water and soft drink at different times (0, 6, 24 and 48 h) at 25 ºC. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of 14 treatments composed of four replications containing 50 seeds each. The variables analyzed were: Germination at the first count (G); Normal Seedlings (PN); Hard or Dormant Seeds (SD); and Germination Speed Index (IVG). The results increased higher percentages of germination (G) in the T1 treatment (mechanical scarification) with 46.7 and 43.2% of normal seedlings (PN) with 43.2% and IVG of 41.9. However, when observing only the treatments submitted in different combinations, it was noted that the treatments T8 (Mechanical scarification and immersion in soda for 6h at 25 ºC) and T2 (Mechanical scarification and immersion in distilled water for 6h at 25 ºC) presented a germination of 44.7 and 39.7%, respectively. Thus, shorter water immersion times associated with mechanical scarification are required to obtain the highest percentage of germination and formation of normal seedlings.

An experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating the germination of seeds of Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrous ‘Flying dragon’. The seeds were soaked for 24 hours in a solution containing 0, 100, 150 and 200 mL L-1 of Stimulate®. After the imbibition period, the seeds were placed to germinate in two types of substrate, and germitest paper and sand. The counts were performed from the seventh to thirtieth days after sowing. The analyzes performed were germination %, Germination Speed Index, Radicle Length and Plumule Length. Stimulate® doses did not represent a reduction in germination time.

The objective of the work was to evaluate the production and quality of the cultivar Italia produced in a protected environment, submitted to three seasons of topping of bunch. The experiment was carried out in 2015, in Caxias do Sul - RS. The experimental design used blocks at random with four treatments, being: without topping of bunch, topping of bunch in pre-flowering, topping of bunch in full bloom, topping of bunch in post-blooming. The variables analyzed were: production per plant, bunch weight, bunch length, berry diameter and number of bunches soluble solids and titratable acidity. Regardless of the pruning time of the bunches, the factors of production and the evaluated chemical physics were not affected, obtaining bunches with weight and shape according to market requirements.

The information is the necessary tool for the conscientization of a population, thus, in order to ensure a scientific contribution, this project aimed to investigate the interaction between humans and pets with the advancement of COVID-19 in the municipality of Mossoró - RN. For this, questionnaire was applied through visits at residences in the regions of the city of Mossoró - RN according to the simple random probability sampling method. 496 people participated in the study. The questionnaire contained questions related to the ownership of pets, including whether dogs and cats may transmit Covid-19 to humans, whether there was greater interaction with their pets during the Covid-19 pandemic, whether there was a need for abandonment of dogs and cats during quarantine, if the guardian felt comforted by the presence of the animal, among other data related to human-animal interaction during social isolation. It was observed that more than half of the population has pets, and that these animals served as emotional comfort for their guardians throughout the period of isolation. It was found that there was greater interaction with the animals, and that the abandonment rate during the isolation period was not growing. Thus, it may be concluded that the human-animal interaction was influenced by the Covid-19 pandemic, so that guardians and their animals have strengthened family ties.

The objective was to evaluate the degree of knowledge and the opinion of 95 Veterinary Medicine students from a private higher education institution in Recife-PE, regarding the Famacha method. 94.7% of respondents lived in urban area and 5.3% lived in rural area. 76% said they had never heard of the method and only 29.47% stated that it had been discussed in some discipline of the course. As for the acquisition of the Famacha card, 93.7% did not know the procedures. The degree of knowledge demonstrated by students of Veterinary Medicine on the Famacha method is low, which indicates the need to explain this tool in subjects offered during the course.

This literature review addresses the morphological variations in the stomach of domestic animals by associating them with their diet. The stomach is an important organ located between the esophagus and the small intestine. It is an enlarged portion of the digestive system, where partial digestion occurs, as well as absorptive processes and secretion of hormones and enzymes. The organ has great diversity among mammals, this condition being associated with the eating habits assumed by the representatives of the class. Scientific articles and books on anatomy, histology, veterinary medical clinic, animal management and nutrition were used as a basis for textual structuring of this work. The stomach can be classified as unicavitary, when it consists of a single saculiform dilation, being described in carnivores as the dog and the cat, herbivores as the horses and omnivores as the pigs. The latter two being characterized by a glandular and aglandular stomach lining, while in the first two the lining tissue is entirely glandular. The stomach is said to be pluricavitary, when it is formed by compartments, as in ruminants, in which the constituent chambers are predominantly aglandular, being a glandular one. Knowledge of the subject in question is of great relevance, especially for veterinarians, so that these professionals can effectively identify possible changes that may affect the stomach, favoring the care of sick animals.

The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effects of continuous infusion of fentanyl, dexmedetomidine, or maropitant. The animals received pre-anesthetic medication and anesthetic induction. Subsequently, continuous infusion of drugs was instituted, distributed in the following groups: fentanyl, dexmedetomidine, and maropitant. During the surgical procedure, the analgesic effects were evaluated by recording the cardiorespiratory parameters at the moments of greatest pain stimulus. When evaluating analgesic effects, the maropitant group showed greater stability in cardiorespiratory parameters compared to the fentanyl and dexmedetomidine group. From this study, it is suggested that continuous infusion of maropitant has analgesic effects similar to fentanyl and greater than dexmedetomidine.

Biofloc technology (BFT) is an approach in aquaculture that has gained much interest and is currently widely being studied and applied. In this study, silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) post-larvae were reared in a BFT system, at different stocking densities (10, 20, 30 and 40 post-larvae/L), for 21 days. After two weeks, fish larvae subjected to the higher stoking density showed greater weight gain. At the end of the trial (21 days), no relevant differences between treatments were observed related to growth parameters. However, post-larvae reared at the stocking density of 20 post-larvae/L presented a higher survival rate.

Nanotechnology is the science that involves synthesis and development of nanometer-scale materials (1-100nm). Due to its unique properties, the application of metallic nanoparticles in different areas has become increasingly noticeable. Among metallic nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles are the most widely recognized for their applications in areas such as agriculture, biotechnology, medicine, among others. The use of NPs in agriculture represents an important technological innovation and can be used in the production of nanofertilizers, nanoparticles or pesticides encapsulated in nanoparticles for controlled release.

The objective of this work was to evaluate microclimatic and edaphic variations in silvopastoral systems, a system in which forest, forage species and animals that graze in consortium are integrated for production. The research was conducted at Fazenda Boa Safra located in the municipality of Belterra. The data were collected in a timely manner in October 2016 in two environments: four forage areas and four arboreal areas with the species: Andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl), African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.), Teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) and Cumaru (Dipteryx odorata Willd.). The variables studied were temperature, soil moisture, litter stock and canopy cover. The results indicate that coumaru is the species that offers better thermal comfort compared to other species, while andiroba stood out in the best litter supply. The role of vegetation cover promoted by trees in the silvopastoral system is highlighted, promoting a better surface temperature of the soil (2 cm deep) in relation to pasture.

The objetive of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding two types of banana pulp, combined with varying concentrations of sacarose on the growth of Cattleya sp. plantlets. Hybrid LCTV-01 seedlings (Cattleya labiata rubra x Cattleya labiata semi alba) made to germinate in vitro were inoculated in an MS culture medium with half the concentration of nutrients and supplemented with 60 g.L-1 'maçã' or 'terra' banana pulp in addition to different concentrations of sacarose (10, 20 and 30 g.L-1. The entirely randomized experimental design was chosen, implemented in seven treatments, ten repetitions and eight seedlings per repetition. After 160 days of in vitro cultivation, variables of fresh weight, number of leaves, number of roots and length of the longest root were evaluated. It was found that the addition of banana pulp of any of the analyzed cultivars promoted better seedling growth. Additionally, the 20 g.L-1 sacarose concentration yielded better results for the analyzed variables.

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum), citronella (Cymbopogon winteranius) and melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oils (EOs) on CoPS. Of the 67 cerumen samples collected, 17 CoPS strains were isolated. Using the microdilution method in a 96-well plate, EOs were added at a maximum concentration of 10% and minimum of 0.04%. It is concluded that the EOs of clove and citronella demonstrate antimicrobial activity against strains of CoPS isolated from canine external otitis. At the concentrations used, melaleuca essential oil did not show any bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects.

The present article deals with the dissemination of fake news about the use of medicinal plants "capable" of curing and treating the symptoms of COVID-19. Through research on websites, six fake news related to supposed cures, published between 2020 and 2021, were selected, with subsequent textual analysis of each one, whose objective was to distinguish the true facts from the false ones. The results of the research indicate that according to the scientific literature, six of the nine plants used for treatment have active ingredients that are toxic if consumed exaggeratedly. It is concluded that medicinal plants should be used only as a vitamin supplement, capable of helping to strengthen the immune system.

The search for melon with high physiologic quality is essential to have competitive material compared to the imported. The analysis of images realized through X-ray is a technique that verify internal morphology and relates with the seed performance. In this way, the goal of this study was to evaluate the seed physiological quality from melon of Anton cultivar in function of different phase of maturation of stored and non-stored fruits through the visualization of internal morphology of seeds using X-ray images. The experiment was managed from December of 2016 to February of 2018. The yellow-melon fruits analyzed were cultivated in Embrapa Hortaliças greenhouse. The fruits were picked in five distinct periods: 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after anthesis (DAA). In each period were picked a total of 30 fruits where 15 fruits had their seeds immediately extracted after been picked, and 15 fruits were stored. The 15 fruits stored were packed in plastic box properly identified for a period of fifteen days in airy place with room temperature. The 30 fruits were subjected to the same process of seed extraction, washing and drying. The dried seeds from stored and non-stored fruits were submitted to the following analyses: X-ray test and the germination test. The treatment of 60 DAA over storage shown better performance with 67% in the germination test on the first counting and 87% of normal seedlings. This result is similar to the noted in the X-ray test where the treatment demonstrated 96% of filled seeds showing the viability of this tool to determine physiologic quality in the melon seeds.

The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of insecticide and fungicide in the treatment of wheat seeds. The treatments were, T1: control, T2: thiamethoxam (1.5 ml / kg of seed), T3: thiamethoxam (3 ml / kg of seed), T4: pyraclostrobin + methyl thiophanate + fipronil (PTF) (2.0 ml / kg of seed) and T5: PTF (4.0 ml / kg of seed). The treatment with TPF in the dose of 4.0 ml / kg of seed stood out over the other treatments, providing positive effects on the development of the culture, since thiametoxam in the dose of 3.5 ml / kg of seed, showing no difference between treatments, and provided a negative effect on the initial development of the plants.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of the processed coconut fiber (coconut powder) and composted pine bark, isolated and in combination, in promoting the growth of umbuzeiro seedlings. This work was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized block experimental design, with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of the following formulations, in volumetric proportions: 100% pine bark (CP); 75% CP + 25% coconut powder (PC); 50% CP + 50% CP; 25% CP + 75% CP and; 100% PC). The coconut powder substrates or the formulation containing 75% coconut powder + 25% composted pine bark provided Imbu seedlings with higher vegetative quality. The lower density, higher total porosity and higher percentage of available water were the physical characteristics of the substrates that most influenced the growth of Imbu seedlings.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profile, the activity of blood neutrophils, and the immunoglobulin G levels of primiparous and multiparous sheep (Lacaune breed) during the first 30 days after lambing. Fifteen primiparous ewes (GPR) and 15 multiparous ewes (GPM) were used. Evaluations were performed on the days of lambing and at three, seven, fifteen and thirty days post-lambing. In general, the basal and bactericidal activity of neutrophils were lower in GPR than in GPM. Phagocytosis was greater in the primiparous sheep in the initial moments after lambing. Non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were highest for GPM, indicating a negative energy balance in this group. The results obtained in this study allow us to conclude that primiparous sheep have higher neutrophil phagocytosis, while this cell type has higher bactericidal activity in multiparous sheep. Multiparous ewes presented with higher lipomobilization due to maintenance needs and higher milk production.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of doses of bovine bone meal on the productive and morphological characteristics of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa in two cuts (60 and 90 days after seeding) at a height of 10 cm. At which one can conclude based on the dry mass of the aerial part, there the dose of bovine bone flour that provided maximum productivity in grass Mombaça was for satisfy 160 mg/dm³ of P2O5. And its use in of doses below 80 mg/dm³ of P2O5 did not favored the increase of dry mass of root at the grass Mombaça.

During their development, insects can suck plant structures like seeds and fruits being the preferred structures. The study aims to monitor the eating habits of these insects are relevant mainly in terms of food preference and development. The objective of this work was to analyze the feeding preference of Euschistus heros (brown stink bug) fed with 5 diets. The different diets studied resulted in insects in adult, with significant differences in the length of the nymph period, differences in the weights of males and females and variation in survival during the experiment.

The weed inventory in an arid land takes place to know and further control these plants. The study aims are to determine taxonomy, life form, chorology and to appreciate the weed harmfulness. A non-probabilistic sampling was conducted on five crops. We identified 41 species especially therophytes and mostly belong to the Mediterranean biogeographic element. The floristic richness by crop lets an average of 17 species and 24 for the richest. To assess the noxiousness, the partial indication of noxious obtains 21 potentially harmful weeds according to the frequencies. The numerical analysis of the data identified five groups. The weed noxiousness estimated by the abundance, frequency, and recovery, remains simple and efficient.

Gerbera is used as a cut flower and has gained popularity as ornamental flower and great demand in the world market for ornamental plants. Micropropagation is used to meet the demand for commercial planting material. The objective was to evaluate the BAP and ANA phytoregulators effect gerberas in vitro multiplication. The explants were inoculated in MS culture medium containing different concentrations of BAP (0.0; 2.22; 4.44; 8.88 and 17.76 µmol L-1) and ANA (0.0; 1.34; 2.68 and 5.36 µmol L-1). After eight weeks, the number of shoots formed in each explant and the average length of the shoots were evaluated. Was possible to establish and recommend an ideal concentration of BAP and ANA for each gerbera genotype.

Parasitic diseases in cattle represent a worldwide health problem, with emphasis on toxocariosis involved in animal mortality in the first weeks of life. The purpose of this report is to record the prevalence of Toxocara eggs (Neoascaris) in the feces of cattle in RS. Fecal samples were processed using the Willis-Mollay method. In the present study, it was observed that 41.36% (67/162) of fecal samples from cattle (162) had Toxocara (Neoascaris) vitulorum eggs, with 49.25% of calves and 50.75% of cows being positive. The high degree of infection demonstrates that there is a lack of knowledge of parasitosis on the part of producers, requiring further studies in livestock.

The objective of the present study was to identify the microbiota present in the hands of academics and teachers of a Higher Education Institution in the municipality of Primavera do Leste - MT. Samples were collected from 24 volunteers using a swab. Of the samples collected, 19 (79.1%) showed bacterial growth in a nutrient culture medium, being isolated from this: Staphylococcus aureus (31.6%), S. lugdunensis (31.6%), S. epidermidis (15.8%), S. spp. (5.8%) and Escherichia coli (5.2%). The occurrence of bacteria found in the hands of the volunteers makes it possible to infer that the hands can act as a means of transmission and microbiological multiplication. To avoid this transmission, hygiene and antisepsis measures should be adopted regularly.

A research aims to study and analyze which factors contribute to grain losses in the transport logistics chain. For this purpose, a descriptive research was carried out, through the application of a questionnaire, involving aspects related to transport logistics. The results indicate that, for the interviewees, the factors that most contribute to the loss of grains in the transport logistics chain are the use of vehicles in inadequate transport conditions, and that do not have adequate maintenance of the bodies. In addition, the factors least related to losses are the lack of tire calibration and the short scheduling windows for unloading grains at ports.

Endoparasitic diseases cause great economic losses, mainly due to the anemias they can cause. This research evaluated the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in meat-type sheep of six small gaucho properties. Fecal samples were received at the Helminthology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, and processed by the methods of Gordon & Whitlock (OPG) and Roberts & O’Sullivan (coproculture). The prevalence of infection was 73.86% (113/153), with 87.61% having Strongylida eggs (99/113), in addition to mixed infections with Moniezia and Eimeria. Haemonchus spp. (90%) predominated in coproculture. The high degree of parasitism in animals indicates that more should be invested in integrated control involving animal management and use of medicines.

We report the case of a dog, 2 months old, who had hyperextension of the pelvic limbs and impossibility of joint flexion since birth. Based on clinical findings and complementary exams, a diagnosis of Genu recurvatum was established, from which, using moderate clinical signs, a conservative treatment was chosen, which consisted of immobilization, which were changed every four days. The patient achieved functional recovery of the limbs with 12 days of bandaging, with a favorable result, as he restored the functionality of the limbs. Adequate knowledge of the technique for making the bandage is important for the success of the treatment and to avoid complications related to immobilization.

The objective was to evaluate the influence of clinical (HC) and subclinical (HSC) hypocalcemia on the energetic metabolism and innate immune response of cows. The samples were divided into groups: Group 1: 74 samples (control), Group 2: 142 samples (HSC) and Group 3: 6 samples (HC). There was no difference in BHB and immune response. In G2 higher values of AGNE were detected on the day of delivery. In G3 higher levels of AGNE were observed on the 15th day postpartum in relation to the 30th day. Higher values of glucose were detected in G3 compared to G1 and G2. Thus, hypocalcemia did not cause alterations in the immune response but altered the energetic metabolism during the transition period.

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of hydrogenated cyanamide (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%) on breaking dormancy and production of the Merlot vine variety. Variables: number of shoots and bunches, sprouting and fertility index, bunches mass, yield, 0Brix and cost benefit ratio. The doses of 4 and 6% increased bud sprouting without affecting their fertility. Except for the fertility index, the Merlot variety showed a linear response to the application of hydrogenated cyanamide (Dormex®) to the other parameters evaluated, however, the results varied little between the doses of 4 and 6%, indicating the most adjusted dose as 4% considering productivity per hectare.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of doses of bovine bone meal on the productive and morphological characteristics of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa in two cuts (60 and 90 days after seeding) at a height of 10 cm. At which one can conclude based on the dry mass of the aerial part, there the dose of bovine bone flour that provided maximum productivity in grass Mombaça was for satisfy 160 mg/dm³ of P2O5. And its use in of doses below 80 mg/dm³ of P2O5 did not favored the increase of dry mass of root at the grass Mombaça.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of protected niacin and yeast rich in chromium on the productive and metabolic performance of dairy cows under thermal stress. 46 lactating Holstein cows were divided into four treatments: protected niacin (GN), yeast rich in chromium (GCr), niacin+chromium (GNCr) and control (GC). Were measured: milk production, SCC, MUN, NEFA, BHB, glucose, cholesterol, insulin, cortisol, T4 and T3. There was an 8% increase in milk production in the GNCr. The use of these elements is an alternative for producers who need to maintain production during periods of thermal stress.

Caseous lymphadenitis is one of the main concerns in the health management of sheep and goats and, therefore, this work sought to identify the occurrence of this disease in herds in the metropolitan region of Manaus - AM. Visits were made to seven properties, collecting data through investigative questionnaires, physical examinations on 562 animals and microbiological analysis of the samples. Caseous lymphadenitis was observed in 1.78% (10/562) of the animals evaluated, where five (0.89%) of the animals presented reactive lymph nodes and five (0.89%) presented healing processes suggestive of lymphadenitis. Despite the low prevalence in the region, it was noted that there is a need for the dissemination of good agricultural practices and sanitary management in sheep and goat farming in the region.

Palpation is a method that is part of the physical examination in veterinary routine, in which there are different types of consistency, such as hard, firm, soft, smooth, fluctuating and crackling. The aim of this study was the confection of a teaching model for consistencies palpation. It was used low cost and easily acquisition materials, as latex balloons filled by different materials (plaster, silicone, water, stones and flour) and uncoated steel wool. The filled balloons and steel wool were placed on a MDF board and covered with fabric. The model was validated by 29 veterinary doctors, including professors and residents. The model was evaluated positively by the majority of professionals.

The great diversity in colors and forms become the orchids a business with high economic value. The habitat fragmentation contributes to the extinction of orchids. Inoculation of orchid with mycorrhizal fungi for seedlings can guarantee the success of reintroduction. For this purpose, seeds of Hadrolaelia jongheana were germinated using an isolate of Tulasnella sp. Seedlings were transferred to the natural field. Roots samples were collected before re-introduction, and 120th and 240th days. The diversity of mycorrhizal fungi was performed by ITS-PCR-DGGE. The ecological succession occurred in the field and the diversity was higher after 240th d. This work comprises the first study using tropical orchids for reintroduction for approaching to ecological aspects of mycorrhizal fungi association in Brazil with conservation purposes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a simulator for suture training, which is composed by three layers that simulates skin, subcutaneous and a muscle. Teachers and undergraduates from different veterinary medicine universities were tested the simulator, and their opinions were registered by a Likert scale questionnaire, asking about incision and suture, and about the possibility to introduce the simulator in the practical classes. The answers were evaluated based on the Diagnostic Contend Validation (DCV), wherein values above 0,50 represents acceptance to the simulator. All the professors agree (DCV=0,96) and also many students (DCV=0,90) that the simulator is applicable and was considered satisfactory for the training of the main sutures learned on the Surgical Technique classes.

Demodicosis is a parasitic disease caused by the imbalance in the number of mites of the genus Demodex sp. The skin scraping is the gold standard method for diagnosis, but other methods can be used. Based on this, the aim of this work is to report cases in which cytology served as an auxiliary diagnosis for demodectic mange. Two dogs went to a private clinic with skin lesion of different aspects and in which both dogs the cytology was performed by skin imprint, being possible to observe the presence of Demodex canis. Thus, cytology could be used as an auxiliary diagnostic method this disease.

The experiment aimed to evaluate viability in the production of grapevine seedlings using three materials in the process of mooring and graft protection: elastic + sawdust, Vimeiro + sawdust and biodegradable tape. Was used SO4 rootstock cuttings and grafting with variety BRS Cora. The analyzed indicators were percentage of graft take, quality of the graft callus, seedling classification. The answers regarding the formation of roots were greater in the treatments with lower percentage of catch. The diameter, length and dry weight of the pruning branches did not differ between treatments. Treatments with elastic region mooring and Vimeiro covered with sawdust showed the best results for the percentage of callus and callus quality.

Thoracoxypophagia consists of the union of two fetuses by the chest and xiphoid region, it is a rare congenital alteration. This study aimed to report a case of thoracoxypophagia in sheep. A sheep with dystocic delivery was attended, who had the first fetus of normal birth, but lifeless, requiring a cesarean section for the second birth. After the surgery, a congenital malformation of the thoracoxypophagia type was found between two fetuses, who were stillborn. Similar reports have not been found in the literature, as it is a rare condition, which may be related to several factors, such as viruses, drugs, teratogenic plants and inbreeding, leading to gestation to a dysthocic delivery and incompatibility with life.

The present determined the hematological alterations of healthy dogs at the peak of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Twenty-four clinically healthy dogs had blood samples collected to perform complete blood count on three consecutive days at the same time every day: first day after a 12-hour fast; second day three hours after feeding with commercial feed, during the peak of postprandial lipemia; and third day after a 12-hour fast. Feeding led to an increase in MCHC, hemoglobin and white blood cell count due to the increase in segmented neutrophil, monocyte and eosinophil concentrations. A significant increase in total plasma protein content was also observed. Postprandial condition at the peak of hypertriglyceridemia influences hematological parameters of healthy dogs, which is an important finding, however transient, when interpreting laboratory blood tests.

The objective of this work was to conduct a research on the banana consumption preference in the city of Cruz das Almas, Bahia. The results showed that 94 people were female, 82 males and 10 did not report, totaling 186 respondents. Regarding banana consumption, 44.0% reported consuming the fruit daily because of its nutritional value (29.0%). The attribute obtained 45.0%, being the preference for the cultivar Prata (51.0%). A percentage of 46.0% was observed for in natura consumption. The largest purchase site was in free markets with 59.0%. With this, the banana consumers preferences allow to establish strategies for the development of new cultivars.

This paper describes the clinical, laboratory and anatomopathologic findings of sheep affected by abomasum compaction. Clinically, the presence of a firm structure located in the abomasal region stands out. The hematology and ruminal fluid analyze revealed neutrofilia with regenerative left shift, hyperfibrinogenimia, fauna and flora impairment and chloride concentration of (39,33 mEq/L) respectively. Macroscopically, a distended and compacted abomasum was observed with the presence of type IV ulcers and diffuse serofibrinous peritonitis. These results confirm the severity of the abomasum compaction in small ruminants. Therefore, guidelines related to animal feed management practices, especially in times of drought are necessary to reduce the occurency of this disease.

The objective of this work was to conduct a research on the banana consumption preference in the city of Cruz das Almas, Bahia. The results showed that 94 people were female, 82 males and 10 did not report, totaling 186 respondents. Regarding banana consumption, 44.0% reported consuming the fruit daily because of its nutritional value (29.0%). The attribute obtained 45.0%, being the preference for the cultivar Prata (51.0%). A percentage of 46.0% was observed for in natura consumption. The largest purchase site was in free markets with 59.0%. With this, the banana consumers preferences allow to establish strategies for the development of new cultivars.

The aim of this work was to compare three techniques of local blockade, as part of a multimodal protocol in cats submitted to videoassisted ovariectomy (OVH). This study included 38 cats, assigned to four groups (control; incisional block, intraperitoneal block and block of the ovarian arteriovenous complex). Pain was assessed using Analogue Visual Scale, Pain Scale of the UNESP and Composite Multimodal Pains Scale-Feline, prior and after surgery. Anesthetic and analgesic protocols provided adequate post-surgical analgesia in most cats. It is concluded that the intraperitoneal administration of lidocaine may be a useful technique to reduce trans-surgical pain, while the use of incisional infiltration with this medication improves early postoperative pain in videosurgeries.

The management and clinic of ruminants can always involve the risk of accidents due to several factors. Therefore, this work aimed to present the main care that the veterinarian buiatra must have, as well as its role in the information of biosafety to all involved in the livestock activities. Through literature review, the main information on biosafety in the ruminant clinic was added and showed how the dangers of accidents can be minimized, as well as the prevention of zoonoses. The veterinarian buiatra is of great importance in the dissemination of biosafety measures in rural areas, being an important health promoter of all involved.

The world is going through a period of calamity, a pandemic caused by the coronavirus. The situation began in China and has spread to its world surroundings. A means of combat attributed to society was isolation and social distancing, which could relate to the environment. The objective of this work is a systematic comparative review of the positive and negative impacts that the pandemic has caused on the environment. A systematic survey was conducted at PUBMED, Scielo and Google Academic, in the months of August to October 2020 using indexers. There are several positive points with pandemic related to the environment, however the indiscriminate use of materials has increased, being a negative point. It is perceived that the environment breathed with the measure of social isolation, but still needs various care.

This work aimed to morphologically characterize Eucalyptus dunni and E. urograndis to the application of hydrogel. By determining the morphological parameters of the seedlings and then of the plantations in the field, after the application of the hydrogel, the characterization was carried out. The first stages, was the production of seedlings - where their morphological characteristics were determined. The second was the evaluation of growth in the field - where the morphological characteristics of the plants were determined when applying the hydrogel. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the seedlings were adequate for the final place (field). In the field, the best result were achieved in T1, thus demonstrating the efficiency of the hydrogel.

Foreign body syndrome is an inflammatory disease, caused by the ingestion of a perforating foreign body, most often metallic. Adult dairy cattle are most affected. Depending on the direction that the foreign body takes when it reaches the reticulum, it can reach adjacent organs and cause reticulum peritonitis or reticulum traumatic pericarditis. It can cause unspecific signs such as fever, changes in rumen motility and cardiac signs. The diagnosis consists of observation of clinical signs, evidence of pain, ultrasound, hematology, blood biochemistry and analysis of cavitary effusions. The treatments normally used are conservative, with or without magnet and rumenotomy.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of growth management at different times of uniformization in plants of Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguás, associated with application of boron doses, quantifying the effects in the flowering and emission of reproductive tillers, and in the quantity and quality of pollen. The trial was conducted at Embrapa Gado de Corte in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, in the 2018/2019 harvest, using a randomized block design with four replications, organized in a 3x5 factorial scheme, in which the three plant uniformization seasons consisted of, non-standardized (free growth), standardized at 67 days or 81 days after sowing, and the applications of five doses of boron, zero (control), 1, 2, 4 and 8 kg ha-1. The different doses of boron applied did not influence flowering, as well as reproductive tillering and the quantity and viability of pollen grains. The standardization management of the plants prolonged the flowering period of the cultivar. Plants kept in free growth showed greater quantity and viability of pollen grains, while the other uniformity times reduced the viability of pollen grains. Environmental factors such as precipitation and temperature interfered with reproductive tillering and viability of pollen grains.

The objective was to evaluate the best method for the calculation of electrolyte balance for Japanese quails using the EB and TEB calculation. 240 Japanese quails were used, during the 25 to 85 days of life, with 5 treatments, where these with the same value of BE 250 μeq kg-1 and TEB having 750, 1000, 1250, 1500 and 1750 μeq kg-1, 8 replicates and 6 birds per experimental unit. Performance parameters and egg quality were analyzed. The different TEB were able to influence the performance and quality of japanese quail eggs.

The present work aims to estimate the seroprevalence of Bovine Enzootic Leukosis - LEB and to identify the risk factors associated with seroreactivity for infection by the LEB virus, in cattle from herds raised in the Teresina Microregion, in the State of Piaui, Brazil. 420 blood samples were examined in 14 municipalities belonging to the microregion, the technique used for the research was Immunodiffusion in Agar Gel (IDGA). There was a prevalence rate of 19.52% (82/420) of seroreagent animals, with the occurrence of at least one animal positive for LEB in each herd evaluated. The results show that prevention and control measures are necessary for better surveillance of herds.

Birds of the psittaciform order, composed by the Psittacidae and Loridae family have several characteristics making them more frequently kept as companion animals, promoting the increase of breeding sites in Brazil. The present study aimed to analyze the specificity and sensitivity of three different coproparasitological tests, Willis, Hoffman and Direto de feces, through statistical tests: Chi-Square and Kappa. 70 fecal samples of exotic parrots were collected from a commercial breeding site and these were submitted to the three tests, totaling 210 coproparasitological exams. Among the tests performed, 29,5% were positive for nematode eggs, cestodes and oocysts. Coproparasitological exams are inexpensive, have clinical importance, indicating the population of endoparasites and therapeutic treatments.

Birds of the psittaciform order, composed by the Psittacidae and Loridae family have several characteristics making them more frequently kept as companion animals, promoting the increase of breeding sites in Brazil. The present study aimed to analyze the specificity and sensitivity of three different coproparasitological tests, Willis, Hoffman and Direto de feces, through statistical tests: Chi-Square and Kappa. 70 fecal samples of exotic parrots were collected from a commercial breeding site and these were submitted to the three tests, totaling 210 coproparasitological exams. Among the tests performed, 29,5% were positive for nematode eggs, cestodes and oocysts. Coproparasitological exams are inexpensive, have clinical importance, indicating the population of endoparasites and therapeutic treatments.

Sapindus saponaria, a brazilian tree species, known as soldier soap, is used in civil construction, landscaping, urban afforestation and reforestation. The objective of this study with this species was to identify the most efficient pre-germinative treatments for breaking the dormancy of its seeds. For this purpose, eight treatments plus the control were tested. The parameters used were the germination percentage and the germination speed index (IVG). As a result, based on the IVG, it was found that the best treatments were: hydrochloric acid, sandpaper and fire, not differing statistically from each other, the first two being superior to the control. For germination and IVG, acetone and hot water showed lower results than the control.

This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of health professionals and students about leishmaniasis in the region of the southern Pernambuco region. Data collection was performed between July and August 2016, based on the application of questionnaires to 94 health professionals and their analysis was based on descriptive and inferential statistics techniques. The association between the knowledge of leishmaniasis and health professionals was verified, although veterinarians have demonstrated greater knowledge of leishmaniasis compared to other professionals interviewed in the health area at a significant level of p  0.05.

The objective was to conduct a systematic review on vagus indigestion in ruminants. This syndrome, caused by vagus nerve dysfunction and characterized by motility disorders of the pre-stomachs and abomasum, is categorized into four types, based on the location of the functional disorder: type I or failure in eructation, type II or failure in omasal transport, type III or failure in the pyloric flow and type IV or indigestion caused by advanced pregnancy. Due to its clinical and economic importance for cattle breeding, it is essential to approach this disease, aiming to expand knowledge and promote the correct diagnosis by veterinarians working in the field of internal medicine for ruminants.

Nutrition is responsible for most of the production costs and the formulation of balanced diets is of paramount importance to provide better productive performance and greater economic efficiency. Thus, the emergence of industrial amino acids allowed the elaboration of diets based on the ideal protein, providing an amino acid profile closer to the animals' needs, improving the use of nutrients and decreasing the excretion of dietary nitrogen in the environment. In view of the benefits presented using the ideal protein concept in the formulation of diets, this review aimed to show its application in poultry and swine nutrition

This study evaluates the occurrence of gastrointestinal and pulmonary parasites in 266 domestic cats through stool examinations performed in 2018. The cats were adults of several breeds, with tutors and residents in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The samples were processed by the methods of Baermann, Willis-Mollay, Lutz and Faust. The occurrence of parasitized cats was 21% (56/266). The parasitic genera were identified: Giardia (26,8%), Toxocara (26,8%), Cystoisospora (17,8%), Ancylostoma (5,3%), Entamoeba (3,6%), Dipylidium (1,8%), Toxocara/Cystoisospora (1,8%), Toxocara/Dipylidium (1,8%) and L1 larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (14,3%). The occurrence of parasitic infections was significant for zoonotic parasites.