The National Toxicology Program (NTP) conducted a systematic review of the evidence of adverse neurodevelopmental and cognitive effects of fluoride exposure. NTP's conclusions are summarized in the monograph Systematic Review of Fluoride Exposure and Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Health Effects. At the request of NTP, a committee convened by the National Academies reviewed their monograph to ensure the integrity of that report. It is important to note that the committee was tasked with reviewing the monograph and focused its efforts on evaluating whether evidence as presented in the monograph supported NTP's conclusions. Thus, it did not conduct its own independent evaluation of the evidence, and it did not conduct a data audit. However, it did review some key literature to enable its review of the monograph. Review of the Draft NTP Monograph contains findings and suggestions for improvements and some overarching findings concerning methods, assessment of animal and human evidence, and NTP's hazard conclusion.

The author reviews a collective monograph Citation as a Research Support Method. The research is relevant for the authors publishing scientific articles and everyone who considers it necessary to update the knowledge on the research methodology. Skillful use of citations and references, rules for citations and reference lists may be useful for further research.

The article presents a review of the monograph Artificial Intelligence and Criminal Law. Its novelty lies in the fact that the research the book presents is based on an interdisciplinary approach, which provides for a sufficiently serious depth of the analysis. The book thoroughly reveals the problems of the correlation between criminal law and delicts committed with the use of artificial intelligence and robots. The authors of the book bring the problems in this field up for discussion in the academic community and propose models for their solution. In the opinion of the author of the book review, the monograph makes a significant contribution to the generalization of the prevailing ideas about artificial intelligence in Russian and foreign legal science. The book is intended for experts in the field of artificial intelligence and robotics, scientists, representatives of the judiciary and law enforcement agencies, students, graduate students and teachers of law schools and universities.

The article is a review of the bilingual collective monograph “Military Sciences versus War Science in Austria and Russia (Militärwissenschaften versus Wissenschaft über Krieg in Österreich und Russland)”. The monograph under review is the result of a Russian-Austrian scientific seminar on problems of war and military science. Book consists of two sections. In the first section, the authors of the monograph consider a number of methodological and ideological problems of the war. They give reflections on the essence of military science, the importance of strategy in the implementation of the military-doctrinal provisions of the state. The conceptual understanding of the strategy is considered. Attention is paid to the essence of the concept of «modern war». Particular emphasis in the monograph is placed on the study of the scientific militaryhistorical heritage, the importance of economic, informational, spiritual aspects of the content of modern wars. The trends of «denationalization» of modern wars are shown. The second section of the collective monograph is devoted to applied aspects of modern warfare. In it, the co-authors of the monograph studied the issues of the use of military force in modern society, its use by politics. The problems of the methodology of war are raised, and in particular, the nature of war. Attention is paid to hybridity, consistency, complexity, asymmetry of war. For a better understanding of the essence of war, the concept of “image of war” is introduced into the monograph, characterizing its internal and external manifestations. Considered the idea of developing polemological research in Russia and in the world. Turning to the system of military education in Austria and Germany, the authors postulate the need to preserve the military component in education, which is the basis of the military profession. The publication of such a bilingual joint Russian-Austrian collective monograph should be positively regarded not only from a scientific point of view, but also as a factor in establishing scientific and business contacts in such difficult geopolitical changes in the world.

The electronic scales of justice are an innovation that the future lies in. A dispute between Professor Kh.D. Alikperov, author of the monograph The Electronic Technique of Determination of a Punitive Measure (“The Electronic Scales of Justice”) and its reviewer Associate Professor I.V. Maslov is offered to the reader’s attention.

The article reviews the content of the monograph, focuses on the personality of the penitentiary offender, gives his characteristics in order to see further, to draw informed conclusions, to make proposals that are really of interest for a specific area of activity, to offer practically significant recommendations, and to give strategic advice

The paper reviews a monograph by Vladimir Khairullin on The Analysis of English Language Authors’ Writings and Their Russian Translations (Moscow: URSS/LENAND, 2021. 184 p.). The reviewer presents a general description of the book that analyses how English culture properties may be and are depicted in Russian translations. The analysis is implemented on the basis of the following five item groups: person, space, time, social institutions, everyday situations. A special emphasis is laid on the book structure, its illustrative matter as well as the research results.

Review of the monograph by Professor A.A. Nepomnyashchy “Oriental Faculty” is given in the article. Unknown pages on history of the Crimean studies, published in the Saratov publishing house “Amirat” in 2021 (volume includes 416 pages with fig.) are also revealed. The review mainly concerns materials related to the scientific, creative and social activities of famous Crimean Tatar scientists Osman-Nuri Asanovich Akchokrakly (1879–1938) and Bekir-Sytka Vagapovich Chobanzade (1893–1937). The review notes that despite of the already existing large number of published articles, monographs and anthologies concerning the activities of those scientists, there are still a lot of interesting materials stored, including in the State Archive of the Russian Federation in Moscow, which are used in detail with a wide scientific apparatus by Prof. A.A. Nepomnyashchy in special essays of the monograph.

The monograph by Sergii Kot «The Return and Restitution of Cultural Property in the Political and Cultural Life of Ukraine During the 20th and Early 21st Centuries» is reviewed. This monograph is a summary of the author’s many years spent researching this topic and of his direct participation as an expert in establishing authorized state agencies of Ukraine for handling the return and restitution of cultural property, and in inter-state negotiations. It is noted that the monograph in question is the first complex, synthetic and panoramic study on the problem of return and restitution of cultural property in Ukraine during more century period. It is a history of tragic losses and attempts of return and restitution of national treasures beginning from Ukrainian Central Rada to independent Ukraine. It is a many new views by Author’s on theoretical questions of this problem and new facts and conclusions as result of its analysis. This work is a significant contribution to the historiography of the return and restitution of cultural property and to the history of Ukraine in general.

This paper presents the reviews upon two monographs on Kyrgyz epics, which were published a few years ago in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan in Russian. The first one was written by a researcher and popularizer of the epic “Manas’’ Talantaaly Bakchiev and is dedicated to the traditional narrators of tales – manaschi. The monograph considers the folklore ideas about the gift of storytelling, the stages in the future storyteller formation and training, as well as some modern aspects of the singing the epic tales. The book summarizes previous studies in that area and contains new ethnographic and biographical data. The second study is dedicated to the motifs of dreams and apparitions of characters in the epic of “Manas”, and was written by the folklorist and literary critic Nelya Bekmukhamedova. Based on a fairly representative set of records, the author of the monograph consistently analyses the means of the text expression and the symbolism of the motifs of dreams and apparitions of the epic characters, identifies their plot functions and proposes their classification.

The book by M. A. Vasilchenko reveals the degree of participation of soldiers and officers of the Czechoslovak Corps at the initial stage of the Civil War in the Volga region. The monograph traces the process of transformation of Czech units from an integral part of the Russian army into a national military formation pursuing narrow national interests in the conditions of Civil War. The author introduces the concept of “autonomization” into scientific circulation, which is successful enough to describe this process. Vasilchenko attracts a wide range of sources that have not been introduced into scientific circulation, explores the interaction of the corps command with anti-Bolshevik forces. The monograph significantly complements not only the history of the Czechoslovak Corps, but also reveals little-known aspects of the Civil War in the Volga region. The review comments on the need to more clearly outline the author’s attitude to the object and subject of research, as well as the need for a more extended generalization, as well as wishes for further development of the scientific direction.

The growth in real estate research in Asia has been very significant over the past decade. Figure 1 shows the trend of the research papers on Asian real estate markets published in 17 real estate academic journals. A list of the journals surveyed is shown in Table 1. This number represents only a fraction of all the studies on the Asian real estate markets since books, research monographs, research reports, conference papers, and journal papers published in languages other than English are not included. Figure 2 shows the breakdown by markets.

The subject of the review is a cycle of collective monographs written by Ural philologists where facets of creative periptosis are described in detail: The Phenomenon of Creative Failure (Yekaterinburg, 2011), The Phenomenon of the Unfinished (Yekaterinburg, 2014) and The Phenomenon of Creative Crisis (Yekaterinburg, 2017). All three volumes were published under the general editorship of T. A. Snigireva and A. V. Podchinenov. Throughout the series, a productive attempt was made to identify the causes of complex creative circumstances and to discuss some of the potential resolutions of these situations. By interposing a complex of problems in literary criticism, the authors remain within the boundaries of academic research. The coherence of analytical approaches, the selection of literary texts representing the work of recognised writers and continuity in the choice of literary material create a unity of reflection from volume to volume which allows one to read the monographs as a literary trilogy. When analysing creative failure, the non-completion of creative work and creative crisis, the research team addresses various aspects of these phenomena, interpreting them from the points of view of the author, the reader and the critic in both synchronic and diachronic terms. Considered from many angles, the same work can be simultaneously regarded as a creative miscalculation and a text containing elements of innovation. As can be seen from the materials presented in the trilogy, the entirety of the twentieth century was marked by signs of crisis: it is to these crises and its literary personalities that the three monographs are devoted.

The review contains the information and scientific evaluations of the research carried out by one of the most famous Russian constitutional law scientists.

The review is dedicated to the first in our historical science biography of the historian P. G. Lybomirova. It is noted that the authors of the monograph highly professionally investigated the contribution of P. G. Lyubomirova in domestic historiography. The review analyzes the main ideas and scientific approaches of the authors of the biography.

This volume of the IARC Monographs provides an evaluation of the carcinogenicity of night shift work, that is, work occurring during the regular sleeping hours of the general population. Globally, an estimated one out of five workers is engaged in regular night shift work, with percentages increasing over time in some countries. Night shift work is most common in the following industry sectors: transportation (for example, aircrew and truck drivers on long-haul trips), health care, manufacturing, and services (for example, social assistance, accommodation and food services, information and communications, travel and tourism). An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed studies of cancer in people exposed to night shift work (including transmeridian air travel), studies of cancer in experimental animals exposed to shifts in the light–dark schedule, and mechanistic evidence in both exposed humans and experimental systems. The review of the present Working Group was the first to be guided by the amended Preamble to the IARC Monographs, which was substantially updated in 2019.

Background: The Preamble to the IARC Monographs describes the objective and scope of the programme, general principles and procedures, and scientific review and evaluations. Since 1971, the Preamble has been updated periodically. In 2018 IARC convened an Advisory Group (AG) to Recommend an Update to the Preamble.Methods: In advance of the meeting IARC engaged with Governing Council members, WHO and senior IARC staff. In order to take into account scientific input from all stakeholders in a comprehensive and transparent way, IARC solicited online submission of scientific comments and presentations at a scientific webinar. Starting in September, the Advisory Group began to discuss the public comments and draft updates to the Preamble, working in subgroups. The AG then participated in a 3 day meeting held on 12–14 November 2018 in Lyon, France.Results: The updated Preamble confirms additional commitments to principles of scientific rigour, impartial evaluation, transparency, and consistency. Advancements in methods of systematic review provide a basis for enhancing transparency through more specific guidance to Working Group members. Specifically, reviews of exposure assessment quality will be integrated with human cancer studies and mechanistic data. The critical role of informed judgement by experts is an integral component of the Monograph evaluation process and reliance on standardized checklists would be counterproductive; the informativeness of each study will be explicitly considered in future Monographs. The key characteristics of carcinogens provide a framework for organizing mechanistic evidence and assessing its strength. The overall evaluation draws on the mechanistic, animal bioassay, and human evidence in a more integrated fashion. The AG recommended clarification regarding the distinction between Group 2A and Group 2B.Conclusions: This new Preamble will enable IARC to take advantage of the scientific and procedural advances and strengthens the transparent method for the identification of carcinogenic hazards, the first step in cancer prevention.

This volume of the IARC Monographs presents evaluations of the carcinogenic hazard to humans of drinking coffee and very hot beverages including, but not limited to, mate. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays and co-carcinogenicity studies, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages. The Working Group assessed more than 1000 observational and experimental studies that investigated the association between cancer at more than 20 sites with drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages.

This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of some organophosphate pesticides, including diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos. Diazinon acts on a wide range of insects on crops, gardens, livestock, and pets, but most uses have been restricted in the USA, Canada, and the European Union since the 1980s. Glyphosate is the most heavily used agricultural and residential herbicide in the world, and has been detected in soil, air, surface water, and groundwater, as well as in food. Malathion is one of the oldest and most widely used organophosphate insecticides, and has a broad spectrum of applications in agriculture and public health, notably mosquito control. The insecticide parathion has been largely banned or restricted throughout the world due to toxicity to wildlife and humans. Tetrachlorvinphos is banned in the European Union, but continues to be used in the USA and elsewhere as an insecticide on animals, including in pet flea collars. The IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of these agents.

This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of pentachlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 3,3ʹ,4,4ʹ-tetrachloroazobenzene, aldrin, and dieldrin. Pentachlorophenol, aldrin, and dieldrin are classified as persistent organic pollutants under the Stockholm Convention. Pentachlorophenol has been widely used as a wood preservative and insecticide, but its production and use are now restricted. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol has also been used as a wood preservative and insecticide, and in the synthesis of some fungicides. Aldrin and dieldrin are synthetic organochlorine pesticides used as broad-spectrum soil insecticides for the protection of various food crops, as seed dressings, and to control infestations of pests such as ants and termites. In several countries their use has been banned or severely restricted since the early 1970s. 3,3ʹ,4,4ʹ-Tetrachloroazobenzene is not manufactured commercially but is formed during the production and degradation of chloroanilide herbicides such as propanil, linuron, and diuron. Exposure to all five agents considered may occur in the general population as well as in various occupational settings. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of these agents.

This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of five High Production Volume chemicals: glycidyl methacrylate, 1-butyl glycidyl ether, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride, and allyl chloride. Glycidyl methacrylate is mainly used in the production of epoxy polymers and vinyl and acrylic resins. The polymers are subsequently used in dental sealants, composites and adhesives, bone composite materials, powder coatings, hydrogel lenses, and food contact material. 1-Butyl glycidyl ether is a reactive intermediate and viscosity-reducing solvent used in the manufacture of epoxy resins, and is also used as a surface modifier in the dyeing of cotton and wool. 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is an intermediate in the manufacture of a wide range of pharmaceuticals, some pesticides, and other chemicals. 4-Chlorobenzotrifluoride is widely used as a solvent and diluent for inks, paints, toners, and coatings and in dispersive applications in the automotive industry. It is also a major component in industrial and consumer formulations such as cleaners, degreasers, stain removers, and sealants. Allyl chloride is almost exclusively used in the production of epichlorohydrin, a basic building block for epoxy resins and the synthesis of glycerol, although it is also an intermediate in the synthesis of various pesticides, pharmaceuticals, adhesives, and personal-care products. Exposure to all these agents may occur in various occupational settings as well as in the general population. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic evidence to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of exposure to these agents.

Review of the book by Vladimir I. Ionesov. “Memories in a Thing: “The Spirit of Armenia” in the Images and Stories of a Forgotten Artifact”. — Samara Society for Cultural Studies. — Samara: Samarama, Prime, 2021. — 322 с. — ISBN 978-5-6046812-3-7. The review analyzes a monograph with a unique culture-creative approach, which implements the practice of cultural transmission of information through the semiotic journey of an artifact. The main content as love for the Motherland is revealed through the history of the family and its relics. It becomes the key to a comprehensive study of the fate and mentality of Armenia in the conditions of the physical loss of the Motherland at the beginning of the 20th century and its preservation through intergenerational spiritual and cultural experience.

Here presented a review of a collective monograph «Nature and the indigenous population of the Arctic impacted by climate change and industrial development: Murmansk Region» (2020). The book included a comprehensive assessment of the consequences of climate change and anthropogenic impact on theenvironment and nature managementin the Murmansk region, with attention to the economic activities of the indigenous people. The following chapters of the book are surveyed: changes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, interaction of the mining complex and the natural environment, the ethnogenesis, history and culture of the Sami, as well as statistical data on the demography of the Sami in the Mur-mansk region, an overview of traditional knowledge and practices of nature management. Book data on the participation of the indigenous peoples in the local government, protection and development of Sami culture are assessed on the Lovozero village as an example. The scenarios of social consequences of climate change in areas of intensive nature management are also analyzed.

The reviewer analyzes the monograph by David Motadel “Islam in the Politics of Nazi Ger-many (1939–1945)” published in German in 2014 and subsequently, on the wave of popularity, re-printed in Turkish (2015), German (2017, 2018), French, Persian (2019), Spanish and Italian (2020) and in Russian in 2020. The review focuses specifically on the fourth chapter, “Islam and the War on the Eastern Front”, since it is in this part of the book that the policy of the Nazis towards Soviet Muslims is described to the fullest. The reviewer questions the correctness of some of the conclu-sions in this monograph and points to the absence of references to historical documents mentioned in the book and allegedly used by the author when writing the work in the archives of Moscow and Simferopol. Meanwhile, such archives as the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF), the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History (RGANI), the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI), the Central State Archive of Moscow (TsGA of Moscow), hold the doc-uments whose analysis would provide objective answers to the questions posed by Motadel. The re-viewer also notes some factual errors and believes that, taken together, all this gives the study a ten-dentious character, and David Motadel himself, in accordance with the tradition of anti-Sovietism, seems to be unwilling to show to the Western reader the heroism of Soviet Muslims and the valiant pages of the history of the USSR.

Review of the book by R.S. Kandor “The process of incorporation of traditional forms of govern-ment of the Adygs (Circassians) The North-Western Caucasus in the structure of the Russian ad-ministrative and political system (XIX - early XX century.”) examines the main research conclu-sions of the monograph. The relevance and high level of scientific work is noted. It is stated that the author gave a well-founded analysis of the specifics of the interaction of traditional and impe-rial political systems in the process of incorporation of the Adygs into the administrative struc-tures of the Russian Empire. It is concluded that the monograph is a significant research contribu-tion to the Adyge studies.

This article analyzes the direction of the Department of Scientific Terminology of the Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine within the last 30 years. It reviews theoretical studies in systemic-structural terminology, the methodological dominant in scientific terminology for a long period. In particular, the authors focus on onomasiological, semasiological, and historical-genetic studies presented in monographs. The paper highlights cross-paradigmatic research done on the intersection of structural and functional branches of terminological studies. An excursus marks the scientific research areas in cognitive/epistemological terminology and shows the peculiarities of the applied branch in the field of terminography alongside background information and didactic work. There are different types of terminological dictionaries compiled and edited in the Department for various purposes. During 1991–2021, explanatory, translational, and nongraphic dictionaries were created in the Department. An important aspect of the applied terminology is writing references and educational books. It is emphasized that the previous terminological studies’ vector correlates with the vector of modern researches accomplished by the specialists of the Institute of the Ukrainian Language. Keywords: scientific terminology, systemic-structural terminology, cross-paradigmatic and structural-functional terminology, cognitive/epistemological terminology, translation, explanatory and nongra phicterminography

The article proves crucial significance of Larysa Dovga’s monograph to the new understanding the heritage of Kiev-Mohyla Academy and Ukrainian spiritual culture of the 17^th century. This is because Dovga’s monograph is the first to (1) use Hildebrand’s and Scheler’s personal ethics and Buber’s dialog concept for analyzing early modern Ukrainian axiology; (2) reconstruct Ukrainian baroque culture value system by analyzing the treatises of Innokentiy Gizel and theological texts of Petro Mohyla, Lazar Baranovych, Yoanykiy Galyatovskyi and Antoniy Radyvilovskyi. Also the monograph (3) clarifies how this value system helped the intellectuals of that epoch to develop a new, understanding of human being as a living, acting world player, social and natural being at the same time, responsible for its actions before God and society. In addition, the monograph (4) uses the methodology that rigorously analyses the processes of birth, existence and modification of semantic content of different value categories, such as honor, conscience, free will, virtue, knowledge, homeland, etc.The article states that L. Dovga was the first to (1) make structural and comparative analysis of such moral and theological works as “Peace with God to a Man” and “The Science of the mystery of holy confession”, specifying their social, intellectual and ecclesiastical contexts and (2) substantially specify Innokentiy Gizel’s biography. In conclusion the author draws attention to considerable potential of further analysis of such baroque manuscript heritage with up-to-date methodology that will bring up Ukrainian humanities to the global level and deepen the understanding of our identity roots.

The article presents a historiographic analysis of the scientific works on the history of the development of archives in Kazakhstan. The paper highlights the most studied topics and the issues raised in the works of Kazakh researchers. The author notes that the problematics of the organization and history of archives administration in Kazakhstan is one of the central topics of the national archival science. That is evidenced by the studied works of both theoretical scholars and practicing archivists. After gaining independence, the republic started forming its own scientific base for studying archival issues, particular historical periods, during which the formation of the archival branch took place. Based on the extensive source material, relying on prior experience, modern researchers have created a historical retrospective of the emergence of archival science in the country. The relevance of the historiographic analysis of the study in the history and organization of archives administration in Kazakhstan is explained by the need to determine its main directions, analyze the approaches and views that have developed over the recent 30 years. At the same time, there still exist unaffected aspects of the history of the development of Kazakhstani archives. In working out the issue the historiographic analysis methods were used, including the comparative historical, chronological, and periodization methods. Monographs, scientific articles, textbooks and reviews on the history of the development of archives administration in Kazakhstan, published in the period from 1991 to 2021, were used as a source base.

This publication is a review of a new book by O. A. Sergeev, which presents a historical, linguistic and paleographic analysis of the handwritten Mari-Russian dictionary of the second half of the 18th century by V. Kreknin and I. Platunov. This is the second scientific reference edition of the author related to the series “From the history of Russian lexicography”. It introduces the reader to the history of the creation, dialect and lexical features of a unique bicentenary lexicographic work. As an appendix, the monograph contains a “Brief Cheremis Dictionary with a Russian translation” with the use of modern Mari language data. Thus, materials on the Mari language of the end of the 18th century will become available to a wide range of readers. The publication of handwritten works becomes relevant due to the increased interest of researchers in the study of the history of the language, the problems of the emergence and development of writing, and the literary language in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The development of these tasks requires a broad involvement of handwritten and published works in the scientific circulation, which for many languages, including Mari, are one of the most important sources that recreate a more or less complete picture of the language development (graphics, spelling, punctuation, vocabulary) at a certain stage. The book by O. A. Sergeev is a valuable research that is of great interest, first of all, for students of philology and graduate students as a textbook for studying the course of the history of the Mari literary language and / or linguistics. It can be used by researcherstheorists in the field of Finno-Ugric linguistics, as well as by all those interested in the material and spiritual culture of the Mari people.

The review looks at the monograph Is the White Kama Really White? (Udmurt Names of the Kama River in Written Sources) by Valentin K. Kelmakov which is a many-faceted study of the entitled hydronym. The author provides information about its geographical position, considers etymological hypotheses for the origin of this proper name, explores the usage of the word kam in the oldest meaning of ‘(big) river’ as the most probable etymon, substantiates that this archaic meaning is still preserved in various oral and written sources. The focus is on six variants of the name of the Kama River in Udmurt texts of various functional spheres: Kam (Kama), Kam (Kama) shur, Tӧd’y Kam (Kama). Based on historical and statistical data, linguistic and stylistic features of the name variants in the works of the Udmurts, the author concludes that there are two semantic layers in the name “White Kama”: 1) the retrospective, tied to the hydronym Belaya River — the historical homeland of the ancestors of the Udmurts; in this case, the element kam acts in the original meaning of ‘stream, river,’ and the component Tӧd’y ‘White’ — as a proper name; 2) the modern, according to which “white” is a poetic epithet of the Kama River. The study builds on massive folklore and significant comparative material, including foreign languages (Russian and German). However, there are also some deficiencies in terms of the style and structure, the ambiguity of the researcher’s goal, as well as the fact that the author overlooks the correlation between the concepts “white” — “clean, pure” — “sacred (holy, saint)”. Nevertheless, given the extensive evidence base, the author’s work must be complimented and commended for.

The review covers the collective monograph “Communicative Aggressions of the 21st Century” dedicated to the study of destructive manifestations of communicative aggression in the media sphere connected with functional specifics of the contemporary information technologies and, in particular, of Internet. The review deals with the contents of the book and its structure, evaluates the understanding by the authors of communicative aggression, its features and destructive consequences. Special emphasis is laid upon the growing aggressiveness of the political discourse as the Internet becomes more widespread and commonly available. It was concluded that in order to find tools to reduce communicative aggression in the media sphere, the authors should consider and assess the developing censorship practices of Internet communications.

The monograph is dedicated to the broad topic of the development of printing and publishing in Russia in the 18th - early 20th centuries. The study is not generalizing: this task is too complex and multifaceted. The authors touched upon different and at the same time interrelated subjects, some of which were practically not previously investigated. The reviewer notes that the project is based on Japanese historians and literary critics, which once again shows the productive work of Japanese historiography of late imperial Russia. Nine chapters of the monograph are divided into three parts according to the key periods: XVIII-XIX, XIX-XX centuries. and the eve of the 1917 Revolution. At the same time, thematic blocks are visible in each part. The first focuses on the Russian language and literature during the period of their transformation into a part of world culture. Y. Toriyama highlights the activities of the Society Striving for the Translation of Foreign Books created by Catherine II. A.I. Reitblat draws attention to the formation of the very concept of Russian classical literature. H. Kaizawa makes an attempt to rethink the “reactionary” 1880s, noting the importance of this period for the development of Russian literature, recognition of its importance and influence in Russia and around the world. The second part focuses on the development of the press of the peoples of the empire and the role of foreigners. The importance of the latter is noted by Y. Tatsumi, who speaks about several immigrants from Poland and Germany who managed to create large publishing firms in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. T. Inoue analyzes in detail the influence of the Russian press on the national identity and representation of the Kalmyks. D. Ross tells about the development of newspapers and magazines in the Tatar language, and A. Sakurama about the publishing activities of the baptized Tatars. Finally, the third part focuses on the impact of the 1905 Revolution and World War I on print and publishing. M. Stockdale examines in detail the period of 1914-1918, noting the importance of the press in the interest of Russian society in the events on the fronts of the war. T. Tsurumi briefly describes the situation and development of the Zionist press in Siberia and Chinese Harbin on the eve and during the Revolution and the Russian Civil War. On the whole, the monograph leaves the impression of a thorough work, in which important and interesting plots, though often poorly covered in historiography, are raised. Perhaps, there is a lack of a more detailed analysis of the development of the press during the revolutionary period, but this does not reduce the merits of the book, a rare example in modern historiography of late imperial Russia. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

A monographic study dedicated to the study of censorship stories of Gogol's works. It is a comprehensive, analytical review of problems related to the relationship between the artist and the authorities, literature and statehood. The work analyzes in detail the nature and consistent logic of the work of specific censors with Gogol's works; the difference between the spiritual and moral denunciation of the satirist writer and the radical political propaganda of his time is revealed. Particular attention is paid to the relation to the stories of the censored passage of Gogol's works by their creator himself. The publication is encyclopedic in nature.