X-Linked Tumor Suppressor Genes Act as Presumed Contributors in the Sex Chromosome-Autosome Crosstalk in Cancers
- 29 September 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Cancer Investigation
- Vol. 40 (2), 103-110
- https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2021.1981364
Abstract
Since the human genome contains about 6% of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and the X chromosome alone holds a substantial share (2%), herein, we have discussed exclusively the relative contribution of X-linked human TSGs that appear to be primarily involved in 32 different cancer types. Our analysis showed that, (a) the majority of X-linked TSGs are primarily involved in the dysregulation of breast cancer, followed by prostate cancer, (b) Despite being escaped from X chromosome inactivation (XCI), a clear pattern of altered promoter methylation linked to the mutational burden was observed among them. (c) X-linked TSGs (mainly on the q-arm) maintain spatial and genetic interactions with certain autosomal loci. Corroborating our previous findings that loss/gain of entire sex chromosomes (in XO and XXY syndromes) can profoundly affect the epigenetic status of autosomes we herein suggest that X-linked TSGs alone can also contribute significantly in the dynamics this sex chromosome-autosome crosstalk to restructure the cancer genome.Keywords
Funding Information
- University Grant Commission
This publication has 32 references indexed in Scilit:
- Bex2 Controls Proliferation of Human Glioblastoma Cells Through NF-κB Signaling PathwayJournal of Molecular Neuroscience, 2014
- High prevalence of epigenetic inactivation of the human four and a half LIM domains 1 gene in human oral cancerInternational Journal of Oncology, 2012
- Driver mutations in histone H3.3 and chromatin remodelling genes in paediatric glioblastomaNature, 2012
- Identification of a Tumor Suppressor Relay between the FOXP3 and the Hippo Pathways in Breast and Prostate CancersCancer Research, 2011
- Breast cancer risk among patients with Klinefelter syndromeActa Paediatrica, 2011
- Breast and prostate cancer: more similar than differentNature Reviews Cancer, 2010
- Functional Mechanisms for Human Tumor SuppressorsJournal of Cancer, 2010
- FOXP3 Is an X-Linked Breast Cancer Suppressor Gene and an Important Repressor of the HER-2/ErbB2 OncogeneCell, 2007
- Genome-Wide Analysis of Epigenetic Silencing Identifies BEX1 and BEX2 as Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes in Malignant GliomaCancer Research, 2006
- High frequency of skewed X inactivation in young breast cancer patientsJournal of Medical Genetics, 2002