Comparative Phytochemical Analysis of Syzygium formosum (Wall.) Masam Leaf and Its Biological Activities
Open Access
- 9 November 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in Applied Sciences
- Vol. 11 (22), 10552
- https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210552
Abstract
Syzygium formosum (SF) leaves have long been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin-related diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. To understand the underpinning pharmacological mechanism of skin relief functionality, the quantitative profile of phytochemicals in the leaf extract has been performed. Twenty phytochemical components including eight flavonoids, three phenolic acids, and nine triterpenoids were identified and quantitatively analyzed from the SF leaves. The dominant flavonoids of the SF leaves were found to be catechin and myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside. Gallic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid. Among triterpenoids, asiatic acid, corosolic acid, and betulinic acid exhibited a high concentration ranging 2.78–8.59, 3.19–3.91, and 3.58–6.14 mg/g dry leaf, respectively. The total triterpenoid contents were 14.18–19.00 mg/g dry leaf which were 3-fold higher than those in the Indonesian Centella asiatica leaves. In human keratinocytes assay, industrial scale extract of SF significantly reduced expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and cyclooxygenase-2. Furthermore, that SF extract exhibited very strong antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes that possibly induce serious skin problems. Our results proved that S. formosum leaf extract with high content of biologically active compounds could be a superior bioactive ingredient in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.Funding Information
- Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HP20C0211)
This publication has 35 references indexed in Scilit:
- Biosynthesis and biotechnological production of ginsenosidesBiotechnology Advances, 2015
- Myricitrin exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activity in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated miceChemico-Biological Interactions, 2015
- Medicinal plants of the genus Betula—Traditional uses and a phytochemical–pharmacological reviewJournal of Ethnopharmacology, 2014
- Biological Activities of Phenolic Compounds and Triterpenoids from the Galls of Terminalia chebulaChemistry & Biodiversity, 2013
- Asiaticoside production from centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) cell cultureBiotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 2010
- Effect of corosolic acid on gluconeogenesis in rat liverDiabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2008
- Corosolic acid stimulates glucose uptake via enhancing insulin receptor phosphorylationEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, 2008
- Pharmacological activities of natural triterpenoids and their therapeutic implicationsNatural Product Reports, 2006
- Chemical, pharmacological and clinical profile of the East Asian medical plant Centella aslaticaPhytomedicine, 2000
- Green Tea and SkinArchives of Dermatology, 2000