In recent years, frequent shipwrecks have caused huge loss of life and property. It has become a hot research topic in the field of ship safety to explore ways to reduce the casualties and economic losses caused by shipwrecks. Based on this background, it is necessary to design a new intelligent escape device to reduce the impact of shipwreck. Preliminary design should be based on extensive investigation of the shipwreck case, searching for a large amount of information about the casualties and causes, analysis and discussion. Through the analysis of the causes of casualties caused by the sunken ship, it can be concluded that a large number of casualties were caused by the lack of command and guidance of the passengers, the lack of self-escape ability and the difficult escape process. Therefore, the escape device can be designed with the functions of automatic escape and maintaining the vital signs of personnel to solve the potential safety hazards caused by the shipwreck.