Effect of ketorolac in intra-articular injection analgesia for postoperative pain in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy: a pilot-controlled clinical study
Open Access
- 1 January 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Journal of Pain Research
- Vol. ume 12, 417-422
- https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s178413
Abstract
Background: To date, a regional approach using local anesthetics has become a popular analgesic method for arthroscopy. The optimal postoperative analgesia method for shoulder arthroscopy is still debated. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect and safety of using ketorolac in combination with a multimodal drug regime (ropivacaine, morphine, and triamcinolone acetonide) after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A total of 60 patients were included in a pilot study and patients were randomized into an experimental group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The following parameters were used to evaluate pain relief levels postoperatively: the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, morphine consumption, and initial analgesic desired time. Complications were also recorded. Results: Except for 1 hour postoperatively, patients in the experimental group experienced lower VAS scores during the first 48 hours postoperatively (PP=0.004, 0.001). A total of 18 (60.0%) patients in the experimental group required no additional analgesia, compared with 10 (33.3 %) in the control group (P=0.035). The mean rescue analgesia was 11.40±5.56 mg in the experiment group, while 16.57±8.48 mg in the control group (P=0.016). The initial analgesic desired time was delayed significantly in the experimental group (16.50±14.57 hours vs 8.9±6.32 hours, P=0.000). Conclusion: Adding ketorolac to intra-articular injection analgesia is a safe and effective method to improve pain relief after shoulder arthroscopy, and further prospective controlled trials are necessary to allow definite treatment recommendations.Keywords
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