Comparison of the Group and Phase Velocity of the Polarized Wave and the Equatorial Anomaly of the Ionosphere

Abstract

The behavior of phase and group velocities of a left-polarized wave in the F-region of the ionosphere is studied in this paper. Despite the fact that the magnitudes of a left polarized wave's phase and group velocities in the F-region of the ionosphere are almost identical at low latitudes, they are schematically asymmetric under acceptable conditions. Under the same conditions, the group velocity changes in the same way as the electron density in this region; however, the phase velocity changes in the opposite direction. According to the findings, the left-polarized wave's group velocity and electron density have a linear connection. The phase velocity, on the other hand, cannot be said to be the same. Keywords: Ionosphere, The polarized wave, Group-phase velocity, Equatorial anomaly