Ovarian cyst is the most common female gynecological pathology and it is characteristic of reproductive age. Its rupture causes the sudden onset of pelvic-abdominal pain, often associated with physical exertion or sexual contact. The differential diagnosis is made with other causes of lower abdominal pain: ectopic pregnancy, adnexal torsion, pelvic inflammatory disease or acute appendicitis. The clinical picture may vary depending on the type of ruptured cyst. Dermoid cyst causes severe symptoms due to chemical peritonitis that occurs in response to extravasation of sebaceous contents in the peritoneal cavity. Surgical treatment is indicated for complicated forms of cystic rupture. Most cases have self-limiting, quantitatively reduced bleeding and spontaneous resorption within a few days. Patients diagnosed with ovarian cyst are recommended for regular ultrasound monitoring to prevent complications such as cystic rupture or adnexal torsion. The identification of any ovarian tumor mass in the woman at menopause requires further investigation to rule out the causes of malignancy.