Knowledge and Practices of Mutawifeen (Pilgrims’ Guides) Regarding Heat Related Illnesses Before and After Exposure to an Educational Program

Abstract

Pilgrims who are exposed to hot environments may be at risk of heat-related illnesses (HRIs) such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, or heat stroke. Mutawifeen (pilgrims’ guides) should understand how HRIs affect pilgrims’ health and safety, how they can be prevented, and what the initial treatment options are. The study Objectives is to assess and improve knowledge and practices of Mutawifeen towards HRIs. An intervention study was conducted before the pilgrimage of the year 1437 Hijri calendar (2015) on a group of Mutawifeen (No.200) in Makkah Al-Mukaramh, KSA. The participants were invited after their consent to fill a self-administrated questionnaire before and 3 months after their exposure to an education program (academic and clinical). At the end of the study, the score of knowledge and practices were significantly improved (52.68±14.92 and 49.6±12.84 to 74.54±10.97 and 65.78±7.83; respectively). There was statistically moderate positive correlation between knowledge and practices (r=0.426; p<0.01). The percentage of participants with correct knowledge and appropriate practices has significantly increased from 46%, and 39.5% before education to 89%, and 72.5% after education, respectively (P< 0.05). The study conclude that, academic and clinical education of Mutawifeen is a cornerstone in improving their Knowledge and Practices towards HRIs.