Current capabilities of endoscopic diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of bladder cancer (RMP) in our country. So, over the past ten years there has been an increase in the number of cases of primary diagnosis of RMP by more than 1.5 times, which corresponds to 77.1 cases per 100,000 population. At the same time, mortality in the first year for the same time period decreased from 22.4% in 2008 to 14.4% in 2019. In 75% of patients, this disease is diagnosed at an early stage (the tumor spreads to the muscle layer — non-muscle-invasive forms of RMP), which allows organ-preserving treatment. One of the factors influencing these indicators is the introduction of new diagnostic search methods into the routine of doctors. Such methods include: photodynamic and narrow-spectrum diagnostics when performing cystoscopy, as well as other methods of increasing the visualization of hidden tumors.