Effect of surface charge of PDDA-protected gold nanoparticles on the specificity and efficiency of DNA polymerase chain reaction
- 1 January 2013
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in The Analyst
- Vol. 138 (2), 539-545
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c2an36145k
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become an indispensable technique in molecular biology, however, it suffers from low efficiency and specificity problems. Developing suitable additives to effectively avoid nonspecific PCR reactions and explore the mechanism for PCR enhancing is a significant challenge. In this paper, we report three different modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different surface charge polarities and poly (diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) for use as novel PCR enhancers to improve the efficiency and specificity. These AuNPs included the positively charged PDDA protected AuNPs (PDDA-AuNPs), the neutral PDDA-AuNPs modified with excess chloride ion (PDDA.C-AuNPs), and the negatively charged sodium citrate (Na3Ct) protected AuNPs (Na3Ct-AuNPs). Our data clearly suggests that the positively charged PDDA-AuNPs with an optimum concentration as low as 1.54 pM could significantly enhance the specificity and efficiency of PCR, however, the optimum concentration of the negatively charged Na3Ct-AuNPs (2.02 nM) was more than 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of positively charged PDDA-AuNPs. The PCR specificity and efficiency are also improved by the neutral PDDA.C-AuNPs with an optimum concentration, much more than that of the PDDA-AuNPs. This suggests that there should be an electrostatic interaction between the positively charged PDDA-AuNPs and the negatively charged PCR components, and the surface charge polarities of PDDA-AuNPs may play an important role in improving the PCR specificity and efficiency.Keywords
This publication has 38 references indexed in Scilit:
- Polymerase chain reaction efficiency improved by water soluble β-cyclodextrins capped platinum nanoparticlesMaterials Science and Engineering: C, 2012
- Elastomeric nanocomposite based on carbon nanotubes for Polymerase Chain Reaction deviceMicroelectronic Engineering, 2011
- Effect of surface charge of polyethyleneimine-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the improvement of polymerase chain reactionNanoscale, 2011
- Kinetics and Mechanism of Single-Stranded DNA Adsorption onto Citrate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles in Colloidal SolutionLangmuir, 2011
- Enhanced Specificity of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction via CdTe Quantum DotsNanoscale Research Letters, 2010
- Enhancement in the efficiency of polymerase chain reaction by TiO2nanoparticles: crucial role of enhanced thermal conductivityNanotechnology, 2010
- Modulation of DNA Polymerases with Gold Nanoparticles and their Applications in Hot‐Start PCRSmall, 2009
- Enhanced specificity and efficiency of polymerase chain reactions using poly(amidoamine) dendrimers and derivativesThe Analyst, 2008
- An aqueous suspension of carbon nanopowder enhances the efficiency of a polymerase chain reactionNanotechnology, 2007
- DNA-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubesNanotechnology, 2002