Prokineticin 2 relieves hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury through activation of Akt/mTOR pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes

Abstract

Prokineticin 2 (PK2) was reported to be decreased in the hearts of end-state heart failure patients. Our study aimed to explore the effects of PK2 on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury and the underlying mechanism. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with 5 nM PK2 in the presence or absence of 5 mM dual phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor (BEZ235) for 24 h and then subjected to H/R treatment. Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were evaluated by CCK-8 and LDH release assays, respectively. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Results showed that H/R treatment decreased PK2 expression and inactivated the Akt/mTOR pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. PK2 treatment activated the Akt/mTOR pathway in H/R-exposed H9c2 cardiomyocytes. H/R stimulation suppressed cell viability, increased LDH release, induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, while these effects were neutralised by treatment with PK2. However, the inhibitory effects of PK2 on H/R-induced injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes were abolished by the addition of BEZ235. In conclusion, PK2 relieved H/R-induced injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway.