Abstract
Temperature affects plants in many ways and there has been a long search and controversy about the nature of plant thermosensors {1}. Recently, the phytochrome photoreceptors have been identified as thermosensors modulating growth responses in Arabidopsis {2,3}. This fascinating new study presents good evidence for the role of a blue-light sensor called phototropin as a thermosensor controlling chloroplast movements in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. The position of chloroplasts has long been known to be controlled by light intensity, with low light leading to an accumulation response while strong light leads to an avoidance response reducing photo-damage of the plastids. This light response is controlled by phototropins. In addition, while at low light intensity and warm temperature (about 20°C), chloroplasts are positioned to maximize light capture (accumulation response) at the same light intensity but at low temperature (5°C), the chloroplasts adopt the avoidance response. This new study shows that this temperature effect is also mediated by phototropin. Moreover, the study shows that this effect is mediated by the temperature effect of the lifetime of the photoactivated photoreceptor, a mechanism analogous to what was shown for the phytochromes. Hence, plant photoreceptors may integrate environmental information based on light and temperature.