急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒是急诊科常见中毒死亡原因之一，短时间吸入CO超过生理浓度即可引起中毒，中毒后可造成脑、心脏、肺等多脏器损伤，其发病率和病死率均占我国职业和非职业中毒前列。因此，早期识别与有效治疗尤为重要。本文重点就CO生理作用、中毒机制、临床表现、诊断及治疗等研究现状进行综述，以期为临床治疗提供理论基础。 Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the common death causes of poisoning in emergency department. Inhaling CO over physiological concentration in a short time can cause poisoning. After poisoning, it can cause brain, heart, lung and other organ damage. Its morbidity and mortality are at the forefront of occupational and non-occupational poisoning in our country. Therefore, early identification and effective treatment are particularly important. This article focuses on the physiological function, poisoning mechanism, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of CO, in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.