Determining Chemical Composition of Cattle Urine and Indigenous Plant Extracts

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the specific chemical constituents of cattle urine and indigenous plant extracts. Chemical analysis revealed that the specific chemical composition i.e., chloride, sulphate, nitrite and phosphorus pentaoxide contents of fresh and fermented cattle urine were 1556, 364, 2.0, 26.8 and 4514, 252, 22.4, 7.49 mg l^-1, respectively. The proximate chemical compositions of neem seed kernel extracts, mahagoni seed extracts and allamanda leaves extracts were analyzed and it was found to contain chloride (144, 55.4, 141 mg l^-1), sulphate (51.1, 5.03, ˂4.0 mg l^-1), nitrite (˂1.0, ˂1.0, ˂1.0 mg l^-1) and phosphorus pentaoxide (413, 410, 49.5 mg l^-1), respectively. Chloride and nitrite in fermented cattle urine (4514 and 22.4 mg l^-1) was found extremely higher than in fresh cattle urine (1556 and 2.0 mg l^-1). There was numerically higher difference in sulphate and phosphorus pentaoxide concentrations in fresh cattle urine (364, 26.8 mg l^-1) compared to fermented cattle urine (252, 7.49 mg l^-1).These results revealed that indigenous plant extracts of neem seed kernel, mahagoni seed and allamanda leaves contents chloride, sulphate and nitrite were extremely lower than in both fresh and fermented cattle urine but there were great difference in phosphorus pentaoxide concentration (413, 410, 49.5 mg l^-1) in both fresh and fermented cattle urine (26.8, 7.49 mg l^-1) composition. It was evident from this study that as the fermented cattle urine contained higher concentration of chloride and nitrite can be considered as a good means of insect pest management.