Intersecciones de la violencia basada en género: estudio de caso en la comunidad rural “La Picota”, Nicaragua / Intersections of gender-based violence: a case study in a rural community “La Picota”, Nicaragua

Abstract

El presente artículo es elaborado con un enfoque investigativo, destinado al reconocimiento de las vivencias cotidianas y violentas que viven las mujeres de la comunidad La Picota; logrando de esta manera ampliar el enfoque preventivo ante la violencia basada en género. En el escrito será posible comprender parte del modo de vida en el contexto comunitario de investigación y las opiniones emitidas de viva voz por actoras claves para el estudio.Con el análisis de los elementos extraídos de las informantes claves y las perspectivas teóricas de la interseccionalidades de la violencia basada en género, fue posible ampliar la mirada hacia este fenómeno que viven las mujeres y la manera en que influyen los perfiles de las potenciales víctimas de esta violencia. Todo esto para generar una especie de diagnóstico que muestre donde incidir de forma oportuna para sensibilizar acerca de cambios necesarios en el comportamiento social; mismos que suelen justificar la constante violación de derecho hacia la mujer. De este modo se aportará a una cultura preventiva ante la violencia hacia la mujer, en contextos familiares y sociales. The present article is elaborated with a qualitative investigative approach, some destined to the recognition of the daily and violent experiences that the women of the La Picota community live in, located in the municipality of Chinandega - Nicaragua; thus, achieving broadening the preventive approach to gender-based violence. In the writing it was possible to understand part of the way of life in the community context of research and the opinions expressed out loud by key actors for the study; proceeding to relate the community perceptions, with the collective imagery and the theoretical precepts linked to the intersections of violence. The methodology used to develop the article was qualitative and responds to anthropological research methods, using interviews and observation sheets and techniques (direct and participant) in order to extract information and content to understand the social problems of violence. And its intersections. The ethnographic method was applicable in order to project the community dynamics where the study is carried out. The research work also emerges as part of the author's close experience towards the research context for 4 years as a facilitator of processes for social and community development, with a psychosocial focus. Part of the results obtained from community research showed that sociocultural patterns that violate rural women still persist, from various social, economic, ethnic, educational, age, disability, and geographical locations of their residences. This crossing of variables forces the actor's understudy to be subjected to multiple discriminations within and outside their communities. From these edges of the intersection, the interviewees were selected who responded to various age ranges, this in order to have a more global analysis of the way in which violence is experienced and exacerbated, from the relationship of the previously referenced elements. With the analysis of the elements extracted from the key informants and the theoretical perspectives of the intersectionality of gender-based violence, it was possible to broaden the gaze towards this phenomenon that women experience and the way in which the profiles of the potential victims of this violence are examined. All this to generate a kind of diagnosis that shows where to influence in a timely manner to raise awareness about necessary changes in social behavior; some that usually justify the constant violation of rights towards women. The current effects of the pandemic are taken into consideration and as this further aggravates, the experiences of various expressions of gender-based violence against women, some of the effects of the pandemic being constant exposure within their homes, because they are living with potential aggressors and outside their homes, where they are exposed to a virus contagion, while they carry out their corresponding commercial and popular activities. By broadening their behavior towards the current scenario and the way in which this context affects them, the contributions to a preventive culture of violence against women, in family and social contexts, will be timelier.