Analytical solutions to ground settlement induced by ground loss and construction loadings during curved shield tunneling

Abstract

This paper focuses on the ground settlement induced by the construction of a curved shield tunnel. Ground loss and construction loadings are the two factors causing ground settlement, and two corresponding analytical models were developed. First, the ground settlement due to ground loss was analyzed based on 3D image theory. The “integrative gap at shield tail” (IGST) and overcutting gap of a curved tunnel were considered. Second, the ground settlement due to construction loadings was analyzed by modifying Mindlin’s solutions. The additional thrust, frictional force, and grouting pressure were considered. Subsequently, a case study and a parameter analysis were conducted. Finally, the obtained solutions were compared with a classical analytical solution, numerical simulations, and monitored results. The proposed model could effectively predict the ground settlement induced during curved shield tunneling.