The object of research is the processes of hydrodynamic and heat and mass transfer occurring during the icing of aircraft during flight in adverse meteorological conditions, as well as the system of protection against icing. One of the problematic places in the development of anti-icing systems is minimization of their energy consumption while ensuring flight safety.In the course of the study, the developed software and methodological software was used to simulate the processes of icing of aircraft. An approach based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the model of interpenetrating media was used to describe the external airborne flow, as well as the loss of moisture on the streamlined surface. The numerical simulation of the ice buildup process was performed using the method of surface control volumes based on the equations of continuity, conservation of momentum and energy.Research results are presented on the example of the viscous compressible air-droplet flow around the NACA 0012 wing profile. More accurate distributions of the main flow parameters at the boundary layer boundary, convective heat exchange along the streamlined surface, as well as the basic quantities included in the equations of mass and heat balances are obtained. This is due to the fact that the proposed approach takes into account the viscosity and compressibility of the flow, and also has a number of features when describing the external flow. In particular, a modified Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used, taking into account the wall roughness. Thanks to this, it is possible to determine the coefficient of convective heat exchange by the temperature field found. Compared with the well-known traditional methods that use integral ratios, this approach allows to take into account the history of the flow, can be applied in the case of sufficiently high speeds and complex ice forms, in problems in the three-dimensional formulation. Also, this approach makes it possible to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of profiles with ice buildups, taking into account the surface roughness.The results of the work can be used to optimize the operation of anti-icing systems and determine ways to reduce energy costs when operating such systems.