Peningkatan Produktivitas Jagung pada Lahan dengan Cekaman Naungan dan Kekeringan Melalui Penerapan Teknologi Adaptif dan Efisien

Abstract
Abiotic stress in the form of shading and drought in maize cultivation on rainfed land among plantation crops reduces yield. Therefore, an efficient and adaptive technology package is needed in this growing environment. This study aims to: 1) determine the technical and financial feasibility of the technology package for shade and drought tolerant maize cultivation on rainfed dry land between plantation crops (coconut), and 2) obtain recommendations for shade and drought tolerant varieties. The study was conducted through three trials in two locations in Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province, in 2019 and 2020. To determine the technical feasibility, a field experiment was carried out using a randomized block design method with the introduction of technology package for shade and drought tolerant maize cultivation as a treatment, using 12 hybrid and composite maize varieties. Experiment I had five treatments with six replications, experiment II had eight treatments with four replications, and experiment III consisted of nine treatments with three replications. To determine the financial feasibility, used the partial budget analysis method. The results showed that the technology package for introducing shade and drought tolerant maize cultivation technology was technically and financially feasible, so it was recommended to replace the existing technology. The introduced technology package could increased maize productivity by 72% from an average of 1.706,43 kg/ha to 2.939,45 kg/ha, compared to the existing technology. The change in the use of existing technology to the introduction of maize cultivation technology gave a rate of return (R) = 1,89. In addition, the value of the R/C ratio, B/C ratio, and MBCR were greater than 1. The income from the application of introduced technology was an average of Rp 5.256.815/ha, higher than the existing technology of Rp 2.029.720/ha. The maize varieties recommended for their adaptability and efficiency in areas under both shade stress and drought with a combination of application of the introduction technology package were JH27, HJ21, Nasa-29, NK Sumo, Bisi-18, and Sinhas.