Diagnosis of the efficiency of the functioning of the plum (Prunus Domestica) promise cultivars and elite forms photosynthetic apparatus

Abstract

The authors present the results of researching the functioning of the leaf apparatus of the plum promise cultivars and elite forms bred at the L.P. Symyrenko Research Station of Pomology that was carried out for the purpose of determining their potential adaptability and productivity. The plants functional state was studied by means of the portable fluorimetr ‘Floratest’ establishing the inductive changes of the leaves chlorophyll fluorescence. The analysis of the green pigments in them was conducted in spirit extracts applying the spectrophotometric method. The considerable negative correlation was revealed (r = -0,71) between the a/b chlorophylls correlation and pigments summary content (in mg/g of the humid substance), on the one hand, and the chlorophyll b and chlorophylls a/b correlation (r = -0,85), on the other hand. That proves the high regulatory capacity and adaptive ability (at the level of the chlorophylls certain forms synthesis) of the leaves chloroplasts pigment systems of all the investigated crop cultivars and elite forms to the changes of the light regime in the tree crown. Concerning the parameters which characterize the plants potential photosynthetic effectivity and productivity the variety Oda has been recognized the most productive one among early ripening, Cacakska Najbolja, Zamanchivaya and Yantarna Mliivs’ka among middle-ripening, Stanley, Bluefree and forms 8124 and 8143 among late-ripening. The form 9996 had the lowest photosynthetic processes efficiency as for all the parameters. The rather high adaptability has been detected of the leaf apparatus of the trees of all the cultivars and forms to the changes of the enlightenment conditions as regards the indicators of the chlorophylls Fpl 1 and Fpl 2 fluorescence induction and green pigments content in the leaves. According to the plateau Kpl coefficient the viral infection was not revealed.