Determination of proximate composition, amino acids, and some phytochemical properties of sesame seed capsule (Sesamum indicum L.) in semi-arid Zone of North-Eastern Nigeria

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine sesame seed capsules' proximate composition, amino acid, and phytochemical properties as a potential feed resource. Homogeneous triplicate representative samples were analyzed following scientific protocols. The results indicated that the sesame seed capsule contained 75.41% carbohydrate, 3.59% ether extract, 4.32% protein, 93.57% dry matter, 12.01% crude fiber, and 4.77% ash. The amino acids profile showed glutamic acid with the highest value of 1.71, while proline was not found. The phytochemical contents of the seed showed the presence of alkaloid (1209.88 mg/100 g, phytate (41.07 mg/100 g), saponin (31.94 mg/100 g), oxalate (3.33 mg/100 g), and trypsin inhibitor (9.92 Tiu/mg/g), respectively. The crude fiber and energy values indicated it was a good source of fiber and energy; however, the protein quality was poor, and the concentration of alkaloid, trypsin inhibitor, and oxalate were above the standard limits for safe feed. This may adversely influence digestibility and utilization. It is better to detoxified and supplemented with good quality protein sources before feeding to animals. Key words: Sesame, capsule, proximate, amino acid, phytochemicals. The study was conducted to determine sesame seed capsules' proximate composition, amino acid, and phytochemical properties as a potential feed resource. Homogeneous triplicate representative samples were analyzed following scientific protocols. The results indicated that the sesame seed capsule contained 75.41% carbohydrate, 3.59% ether extract, 4.32% protein, 93.57% dry matter, 12.01% crude fiber, and 4.77% ash. The amino acids profile showed glutamic acid with the highest value of 1.71, while proline was not found. The phytochemical contents of the seed showed the presence of alkaloid (1209.88 mg/100 g, phytate (41.07 mg/100 g), saponin (31.94 mg/100 g), oxalate (3.33 mg/100 g), and trypsin inhibitor (9.92 Tiu/mg/g), respectively. The crude fiber and energy values indicated it was a good source of fiber and energy; however, the protein quality was poor, and the concentration of alkaloid, trypsin inhibitor, and oxalate were above the standard limits for safe feed. This may adversely influence digestibility and utilization. It is better to detoxified and supplemented with good quality protein sources before feeding to animals. Key words: Sesame, capsule, proximate, amino acid, phytochemicals.