EVALUATION OF FACTORS WHICH CAUSE FEMALE POVERTY IN THE EU BY PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

Abstract

This study aims to determine the variables which have effects on female poverty in 27 EU countries. For this purpose, an econometric model was established by using EU countries' 2005-2017 data set. The dependent variable is female poverty (Female at risk of poverty or social disclusion) independent variables are; Unemployment Rate of Active Female Population, % of women with higher education graduation, % of women with Primary School Graduation, wage and salaried female workers (% of female employment ). The Augmented Mean Estimator is used as the econometric analysis method for the models. This estimator is also known suitable model when heterogeneity and correlation between units exist As a result, unemployment rate of active female population and increased wage and salaried workers rate have statistically significant effects on % risk of female’s Social exclusion and poverty. The unemployment rate has same-direction relationship with risk of social exclusion and poverty. But the percentage of wage and salaried working women has reverse-direction relationship with social exclusion and poverty. It is an proof that shows poverty is not only income based issue but also multidimensional.