Design of Apollonian Gasket Bow Tie antenna for satellite application

Abstract

In this paper, multiband Bow Tie antenna with the circular arm is proposed with two circular slots of radius 13 mm in the ground plane. By applying the Apollonian Gasket of fractal geometry on the circular arm of Bow Tie this antenna is resonating at four frequencies, 3.57, 5.79, 6.99 and 8.38 GHz with reflection coefficient values of -19.42 dB, -52.97 dB, -29.93 dB and -26.92 dB respectively. With two circular slots, reflection coefficient less than -10 dB in whole UWB range (3.1-10.6 GHz) is obtained except for a band rejection between 8.85-9.96 GHz. The radiation pattern is almost omnidirectional for UWB. The maximum gain obtained is 5.89 dBi. This designed antenna is 94.8% efficient for above four resonating frequencies and efficiency is more than 45% of whole UWB range. By inserting circular slots in the ground plane of proposed antenna the various parameters have been improved such as return loss, bandwidth and gain. Simulation has done up to 3rd iteration of the fractal. Designing and simulation of this antenna have been done with the help of IE3D 15.3 software. Fabrication of antenna is done using copper platting and etching process. A good match in simulation and fabrication result is obtained. The application of this antenna is in satellite, cellular mobile and radar.