The Role of Gap Junction-Mediated Endothelial Cell–Cell Interaction in the Crosstalk between Inflammation and Blood Coagulation
Open Access
- 27 October 2017
- journal article
- review article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Vol. 18 (11), 2254
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112254
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between blood coagulation and inflammation. Endothelial cellular dysfunction underlies the development of vascular inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have revealed that aberrant gap junctions (GJs) and connexin (Cx) hemichannels participate in the progression of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac infarction, hypertension and atherosclerosis. ECs can communicate with adjacent ECs, vascular smooth muscle cells, leukocytes and platelets via GJs and Cx channels. ECs dynamically regulate the expression of numerous Cxs, as well as GJ functionality, in the context of inflammation. Alterations to either result in various side effects across a wide range of vascular functions. Here, we review the roles of endothelial GJs and Cx channels in vascular inflammation, blood coagulation and leukocyte adhesion. In addition, we discuss the relevant molecular mechanisms that endothelial GJs and Cx channels regulate, both the endothelial functions and mechanical properties of ECs. A better understanding of these processes promises the possibility of pharmacological treatments for vascular pathogenesis.This publication has 123 references indexed in Scilit:
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