ŞÛRÂY-I DEVLET (1868-1876)

Abstract

Ottoman Empire’s process of developing a modern government system systematically started in Tanzimat (Reform) Era. The Council of State (Şûrây-ı Devlet), designed and established as a reform parliament, is an important part of Ottoman Empire’s governmental modernization process. Foundation of separation of powers and administrative jurisdiction system dates back before the establishment of Council of State. Laid the foundations in rural regions, in 1868 the Council of State was formed out of the desire to implement the separation of powers and administrative jurisdiction system to the central administration. The Council remained active until 1922 by going through various changes due to practical needs and political conflicts. In our study, establishment process of the Council of State (Şûrây-ı Devlet) is explained first. Then, duties and authorities of the Council of State between 1868 and 1876, and the changes until the First Constitutionalist Period are explained. Operation of the Council of State and the application stages for this office are explained. Qualification of the decisions is elaborated. To summarize, the Council of State between 1868 and 1876 was evaluated within the concept of “administrative modernization process of Ottoman Empire”. This study aims to explain that the Council of State (Şûrây-ı Devlet) was more than just a French model transferred to Ottoman Empire.