Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Multimodality Imaging Approach with Clinical-Pathologic Correlation
- 1 September 2016
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) in RadioGraphics
- Vol. 36 (5), 1579-1596
- https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2016150202
Abstract
This article reviews the relevant anatomy of the female reproductive organs and describes their involvement in PID; the CT appearance of early- and late-stage PID is described, with emphasis on characteristic imaging findings, pathologic features, complications, and the relevant differential diagnosis. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common medical problem, with almost 1 million cases diagnosed annually. Historically, PID has been a clinical diagnosis supplemented with the findings from ultrasonography (US) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. However, the diagnosis of PID can be challenging because the clinical manifestations may mimic those of other pelvic and abdominal processes. Given the nonspecific clinical manifestations, computed tomography (CT) is commonly the first imaging examination performed. General CT findings of early- and late-stage PID include thickening of the uterosacral ligaments, pelvic fat stranding with obscuration of fascial planes, reactive lymphadenopathy, and pelvic free fluid. Recognition of these findings, as well as those seen with cervicitis, endometritis, acute salpingitis, oophoritis, pyosalpinx, hydrosalpinx, tubo-ovarian abscess, and pyometra, is crucial in allowing prompt and accurate diagnosis. Late complications of PID include tubal damage resulting in infert...This publication has 56 references indexed in Scilit:
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