Host/Malassezia Interaction: A Quantitative, Non-Invasive Method Profiling Oxylipin Production Associates Human Skin Eicosanoids with Malassezia
Open Access
- 13 October 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in Metabolites
- Vol. 11 (10), 700
- https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11100700
Abstract
Malassezia are common components of human skin, and as the dominant human skin eukaryotic microbe, they take part in complex microbe–host interactions. Other phylogenetically related fungi (including within Ustilagomycotina) communicate with their plant host through bioactive oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids, generally known as oxylipins, by regulating the plant immune system to increase their virulence. Oxylipins are similar in structure and function to human eicosanoids, which modulate the human immune system. This study reports the development of a highly sensitive mass-spectrometry-based method to capture and quantify bioactive oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids from the human skin surface and in vitro Malassezia cultures. It confirms that Malassezia are capable of synthesizing eicosanoid-like lipid mediators in vitro in a species dependent manner, many of which are found on human skin. This method enables sensitive identification and quantification of bioactive lipid mediators from human skin that may be derived from metabolic pathways shared between skin and its microbial residents. This enables better cross-disciplinary and detailed studies to dissect the interaction between Malassezia and human skin, and to identify potential intervention points to promote or abrogate inflammation and to improve human skin health.This publication has 46 references indexed in Scilit:
- Malassezia Fungi Are Specialized to Live on Skin and Associated with Dandruff, Eczema, and Other Skin DiseasesPLoS Pathogens, 2012
- Lipidomics of polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-derived oxygenated metabolitesBiochemical Society Transactions, 2011
- Malassezia, dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis: an overviewBritish Journal of Dermatology, 2011
- The skin microbiomeNature Reviews Microbiology, 2011
- Esterified eicosanoids are acutely generated by 5-lipoxygenase in primary human neutrophils and in human and murine infectionBlood, 2011
- The lipid language of plant–fungal interactionsFungal Genetics and Biology, 2011
- Comprehensive analysis of the major lipid classes in sebum by rapid resolution high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray mass spectrometryJournal of Lipid Research, 2010
- Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activities of Plant Oxylipins Supports Their Involvement in Defense against PathogensPlant Physiology, 2005
- Aspergillus Cyclooxygenase-Like Enzymes Are Associated with Prostaglandin Production and VirulenceInfection and Immunity, 2005
- Pathogenic YeastsCryptococcus neoformansandCandida albicansProduce Immunomodulatory ProstaglandinsInfection and Immunity, 2001