Current Concepts in Bone Graft Substitutes
Open Access
- 1 January 2018
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. in New Journal of Glass and Ceramics
- Vol. 08 (03), 39-54
- https://doi.org/10.4236/njgc.2018.83004
Abstract
Purpose: Bone grafting is still requested to fill bone defects in traumatology, or after tumor removal, but also in orthopedic surgery for spine, arthroplasty revisions, and osteotomies. Due to the limitations of autografts and allografts, and the progress of biomaterial research, a large number of nonhuman bony scaffolds have been developed including synthetic calcium phosphates and highly processed xenografts. The most important parameters for bone ingrowth are the macroporosity of the scaffold with the suitable biological autologous cells and factors, optimal osteoinductive, osteointegrative and osteoconductive properties can be achieved. Methods and Results: The important factors regulating these properties are discussed in this paper, which also reports preclinical and clinical results obtained with such bone graft substitutes. Conclusions: Among different bone graft substitutes available, the porosity, the accessibility of pores, the internal surface exposed to the biological components of bone repair, are present in highly processed bovine hydroxyapatites. Compared to autografts, allografts and synthetic substitutes, they associate an initial conductivity, and a long term stability suitable for some orthopedic indications.Keywords
This publication has 39 references indexed in Scilit:
- Characterization andIn VivoBiological Performance of BiosilicateBioMed Research International, 2013
- A systematic review of comparative studies on bone graft alternatives for common spine fusion proceduresEuropean Spine Journal, 2013
- A level-1 pilot study to evaluate of ultraporous β-tricalcium phosphate as a graft extender in the posterior correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosisEuropean Spine Journal, 2008
- Simultaneous in vivo comparison of bone substitutes in a guided bone regeneration modelBiomaterials, 2008
- Intervariability and Intravariability of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Commercially Available Demineralized Bone Matrix ProductsSpine, 2006
- Optimal handling of fresh cancellous bone graftDifferent peroperative storing techniques evaluated by in vitro osteoblast-like cell metabolismActa Orthopaedica, 2003
- The Use of BoneSource Hydroxyapatite Cement for Traumatic Metaphyseal Bone Void FillingThe Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 2002
- Mechanical changes in macro-porous calcium phosphate ceramics after implantation in boneClinical Materials, 1994
- Osteoclastic resorption of Ca-P biomaterials implanted in rabbit boneCalcified Tissue International, 1993
- Interporous Hydroxyapatite as a Bone Graft Substitute in Tibial Plateau FracturesClinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 1989