Evaluating the efficacy of stool sample on Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and its comparison with other sample types by meta-analysis for TB diagnostics
- 4 May 2022
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
- Vol. 41 (6), 893-906
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-022-04449-w
Abstract
Precise and timely detection of tuberculosis (TB) is crucial to reduce transmission. This study aims to assess the accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra on stool samples and systematically review the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra with different sample types by meta-analysis. Stool samples of smear-negative pulmonary TB (PTB), cervical lymph node TB, and abdominal TB patients were tested on the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra system. Meta-analysis was performed on a set of 44 studies. Data were grouped by sample type, and the pooled sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra were calculated. The sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra with stool samples was 100% for smear-negative PTB, 27.27% for cervical lymph node TB, and 50% for abdominal TB patients, with 100% specificity for all included TB groups. The summary estimate for all PTB samples showed 84.2% sensitivity and 94.5% specificity, and EPTB samples showed 88.6% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity. Among all sample types included in our meta-analysis, urine showed the best performance for EPTB diagnosis. This pilot study supports the use of stool as an alternative non-invasive sample on Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for rapid testing, suitable for both PTB and EPTB diagnosis.Keywords
Funding Information
- J. C. Bose research grant (SB/S2/JCB-012/2015)
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