Prevalence of Screening for Diabetes Mellitus in Patients Previously Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes: Factors Related to its Performance
Open Access
- 29 December 2022
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in RBGO Gynecology & Obstetrics
- Vol. 44 (11), 1032-1039
- https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757955
Abstract
Objective To determine how many patients underwent screening for diabetes mellitus (DM) in the puerperium after a diagnosis of gestational DM (GDM) and which factors were related to its performance. Methods The present is a prospective cohort study with 175 women with a diagnosis of GDM. Sociodemographic and clinico-obstetric data were collected through a questionnaire and a screening test for DM was requested six weeks postpartum. After ten weeks, the researchers contacted the patients by telephone with questions about the performance of the screening. The categorical variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies. The measure of association was the relative risk with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant and tested through logistic regression. Results The survey was completed by 159 patients, 32 (20.1%) of whom underwent puerperal screening. The mean age of the sample was of 30.7 years, and most patients were white (57.9%), married (56.6%), and had had 8 or more years of schooling (72.3%). About 22.6% of the patients used medications to treat GDM, 30.8% had other comorbidities, and 76.7% attended the postnatal appointment. Attendance at the postpartum appointment, the use of medication, and the presence of comorbidities showed an association with the performance of the oral glucose tolerance test in the puerperium. Conclusion The prevalence of screening for DM six weeks postpartum is low in women previously diagnosed with GDM. Patients who attended the postpartum consultation, used medications to treat GDM, and had comorbidities were the most adherent to the puerperal screening. We need strategies to increase the rate of performance of this exam. Objetivo Determinar quantas pacientes realizaram o rastreamento puerperal para diabetes mellitus (DM) após diagnóstico de DM gestacional (DMG) e quais fatores estão relacionados com a sua realização. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo com uma coorte prospectiva de 175 puérperas com diagnóstico de DMG. Informações sociodemográficas e clinico-obstétricas foram coletadas por meio de questionário, e solicitou-se a realização do rastreamento para DM às seis semanas de pós-parto. Após dez semanas, os pesquisadores contataram as pacientes por telefone com questões sobre a realização do rastreamento. As variáveis categóricas foram expressas em termos de frequências absoluta e relativa. A medida de associação foi o risco relativo com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%), e valores de p ≤ 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos e testados por regressão logística. Resultados A pesquisa foi concluída por 159 pacientes, 32 (20,1%) das quais fizeram o rastreamento puerperal. A idade média da amostra foi de 30,7 anos, e a maioria das pacientes eram brancas (57,9%), casadas (56,6%) e tinham 8 ou mais anos de escolaridade (72,3%). Cerca de 22,6% utilizaram medicações para tratamento da DMG, 30,8% eram portadoras de outras comorbidades, e 76,7% compareceram na consulta pós-natal. O comparecimento na consulta pós-parto, a utilização de medicamentos e a presença de comorbidades demonstraram associação com a realização do teste oral de tolerância à glicose no puerpério. Conclusão O rastreamento de DM após seis semanas de puerpério é baixo em mulheres com diagnóstico prévio de DMG. Pacientes que compareceram na consulta pós-parto, utilizaram medicações para tratamento da DMG, e eram portadoras de comorbidades foram as mais aderentes à realização do rastreamento puerperal. Necessitamos de estratégias para aumentar a abrangência da realização desse exame. Received: 21 February 2022 Accepted: 10 August 2022 Article published online: 29 December 2022 © 2022. Federação Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda. Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, BrazilKeywords
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