Influence of different types of chamot on a structure and properties of porous ceramics

Abstract

The results of research of porous materials on the basis of products of ceramic production - chamot as a fractionating filler are given.. The features of formation of structure of material at the use of chamot with different chemical and mineralogical compositions in the conditions of speed baking are shown. Porous ceramics for filtration and aeration is obtained by a technology based on the regulation of porosity parameters by the use of chamotte of a certain granulometric composition and special binders. However, the granulometric composition of chamotte is a necessary but not sufficient factor to optimize the properties of porous filter ceramics. Along with the granulometry of chamotte, its chemical and mineralogical composition and surface energy must be taken into account. It depends in turn on the technological properties and the firing parameters of the original clay raw material. This paper presents the results of a study of porous materials based on ceramic products - chamotte as a fractionated filler. The chemical and mineralogical composition of chamotte made of poly-mineral clay at maximum firing temperature of 950°С and of refractory clay at firing at 1320°C was analyzed. The energy state of the surface of the chamotte particles was determined with the wetting by polar and non-polar liquids (water and benzene respectively). The differences in the specific effective surface area, lyophilicity and filtration coefficients was determined. The peculiarities of the formation of the pore structure of ceramics obtained using the specified samples of chamotte in the conditions of high-speed firing in the roller oven are shown. Significant differences in the formation of open and closed pores were observed, the predominant specific proportion of open pores in the material using polymineral clay. The possibility of properties regulation of the pore structure and the energy state of the surface of the filter material when applying a mixture of chamotte varieties was experimentally confirmed.