Methodological features of the development of speed-power qualities of footballers aged 13-14 taking into account the individual approach in the training process
The physical training of football players has a speed-power orientation, so we have investigated the dynamics of the level of development of these physical qualities. The age of those involved in football, School №1 of Mozyr region, were of 13-14 years of age. For objective control of the level of development of speed-strength qualities and diagnostics of the results demonstrated by the young football players, motor tests were used. Identifying and filling gaps in the training of football players helps the programme to finish the training process in terms of age. Taking into account the principles of the training process, we have proposed the methodology for improving the speed and power qualities of football players, developed a set of special exercises on the basis of the individual approach. The training sessions were held according to the schedule and differed in the means and methods of training young football players. The developed experimental programme provided for overcoming the individual typological characteristics of the physical fitness of young athletes through the use of individual tasks in the training process, which was based on the principle of the differentiated approach to the students. The programme, which was used in the control group, also contributed to the growth of the results of speed-power indicators, which have positive dynamics. However, the processing of test results proved that the increase in the indicators of the experimental group during the period of the pedagogical experiment is higher than in the control group. The differences between the control and experimental groups are significant, and this confirms that the developed and tested program for the development of speed and power qualities of the football players, which included a set of special exercises, where the main place is occupied by jumping exercises and accelerations (running and jumping exercises with weights; jumping to a hill with a push involving two and one legs; jumping exercises with an emphasis on maximum speed of movements; jumping out of a semi-squat position with the push of two legs; performing running and jumping exercises on sand, a mat, etc.) will increase the level of speed-strength preparedness of football players and, in general, increase their sports mastery.